1. Personality issues Copyright, 2000 © Jerzy R. Nawrocki Jerzy.Nawrocki@put.poznan.pl www.cs.put.poznan.pl/jnawrocki/mse/quality/ Requirements Engineering Lecture 5 Requirements Engineering Lecture 5

2. J. Nawrocki, Requirements Eng.., Lecture 5 Plan of the lecture Introduction Private victory principles Public victory principles The emotional bank account Six major deposits Think win / win Empathic communication Synergize

3. J. Nawrocki, Requirements Eng.., Lecture 5 IntroductionIntroduction Requirements Engineering = Collaborative work Success The main problem: interpersonal communication

4. J. Nawrocki, Requirements Eng.., Lecture 5 IntroductionIntroduction Be sensitive to organisational and political considerations Identify & consult system stakeholders Plan for conflicts and conflict resolution Use multi-disciplinary teams to review requirements Collect requirements from multiple viewpoints Some good practices in RE  Sommerville & Sawyer

5. J. Nawrocki, Requirements Eng.., Lecture 5 Kinds of meetings IntroductionIntroduction Requirements elicitation (?) Requirements negotiation (conflicts) Requirements review

6. J. Nawrocki, Requirements Eng.., Lecture 5 IntroductionIntroduction Be proactive Begin with the end in mind Put first things first The seven habits Private Think win / win Seek first to understand.. Synergize Public Sharpen the saw

7. J. Nawrocki, Requirements Eng.., Lecture 5 Plan of the lecture Introduction Private victory principles Public victory principles The emotional bank account Six major deposits Think win / win Empathic communication Synergize

8. J. Nawrocki, Requirements Eng.., Lecture 5 Private victory principles Reactive language Proactive language There’s nothing I can do. That’s just the way I am. Let’s look at our alternatives. I can choose a different approach. Be proactive

9. J. Nawrocki, Requirements Eng.., Lecture 5 Private victory principles Leadership  management “Management is doing things right; leadership is doing the right things.” - Peter Drucker & Warren Bennis Leadership: defining the aims and setting the goals Begin with the end in mind

10. J. Nawrocki, Requirements Eng.., Lecture 5 Private victory principles Effectiveness vs. efficiency The visualisation technique All things are created twice Begin with the end in mind

11. J. Nawrocki, Requirements Eng.., Lecture 5 Private victory principles A good affirmation is personal positive in present tense visual emotional It is deeply satisfying (emotional) that I (personal) respond (present tense) with wisdom, love, firmness and self-control (positive) when my team-mates misbehave. Visualisation & affirmation Begin with the end in mind

12. J. Nawrocki, Requirements Eng.., Lecture 5 Private victory principles Keep track of time use. Don’t put things off. Set deadlines. Divide up large tasks. Don’t over-schedule the day. Put first things first

13. J. Nawrocki, Requirements Eng.., Lecture 5 Private victory principles Not important Important Urgent Not urgent I Crises, pressing problems, deadline-driven projects III Interruptions, some calls, some mail, some reports, some meetings, pressing matters, popular activities II Prevention, relationship building, planning, recreation, recognising new opportunities IV Trivia, busy work, some mail, some phone calls, time wasters, pleasant activities

14. J. Nawrocki, Requirements Eng.., Lecture 5 Private victory principles Five aspects of stewardship delegation Desired results Guidelines Resources Accountability Consequences Put first things first

15. J. Nawrocki, Requirements Eng.., Lecture 5 Plan of the lecture Introduction Private victory principles Public victory principles The emotional bank account Six major deposits Think win / win Empathic communication Synergize

16. J. Nawrocki, Requirements Eng.., Lecture 5 Public victory principles Be proactive Begin with the end in mind Put first things first The seven habits Private Think win / win Seek first to understand.. Synergize Public Sharpen the saw

17. J. Nawrocki, Requirements Eng.., Lecture 5 Plan of the lecture Introduction Private victory principles Public victory principles The emotional bank account Six major deposits Think win / win Empathic communication Synergize

18. J. Nawrocki, Requirements Eng.., Lecture 5 The emotional bank account CreditDebit CourtesyKindnessHonesty Keeping commitments DiscourtesyDisrespect Ignoring someone Overreacting DepositsWithdrawals When the trust account is high, communication is easy.

19. J. Nawrocki, Requirements Eng.., Lecture 5 The emotional bank account CreditDebit 0Huge If my emotional bank account is overdrawn.... the trust gets very low;.. I’m loosing flexibility;.. I have to measure every word;.. communication gets difficult;.. live gets difficult. Results: tension at work, broken marriage,..

20. J. Nawrocki, Requirements Eng.., Lecture 5 Plan of the lecture Introduction Private victory principles Public victory principles The emotional bank account Six major deposits Think win / win Empathic communication Synergize

21. J. Nawrocki, Requirements Eng.., Lecture 5 Six major deposits Understanding the individual Deposit = withdrawal ? A universal deposit: accepting other person’s values Do unto others as you would have others do unto you. Do unto others as others did unto you.

22. J. Nawrocki, Requirements Eng.., Lecture 5 Six major deposits Attending to the little things Big credit Little kindness Little courtesy Big debit Small discourtesy Little unkindness Little things = Big things

23. J. Nawrocki, Requirements Eng.., Lecture 5 Six major deposits Keeping a promise I will write this program in a week Promises and commitments are very important. How to make reliable commitments in Software Engineering? PSP, Function Points, COCOMO,..

24. J. Nawrocki, Requirements Eng.., Lecture 5 Six major deposits Clarifying expectations I’m for capitalism. I want to get rich! Expectations are implicit. The deposit is to make them explicit. Unclear expectation  personality clashes Requirements engineering

25. J. Nawrocki, Requirements Eng.., Lecture 5 Six major deposits Showing personal integrity Showing personal integrity Great idea! How stupid! Integrity  honesty Lack of integrity = duplicity Be loyal to those who are. Be loyal to those who are absent. Courtesy is not lack of integrity. Criticise a, not a. Criticise a solution, not a person. Appreciate somebody’s effort.

26. J. Nawrocki, Requirements Eng.., Lecture 5 Six major deposits Apologising sincerely when you make a withdrawal Apologising sincerely when you make a withdrawal I was wrong. It’s OK. People with little internal security can’t apologise. Credit It was my fault. That was unkind of me.

27. J. Nawrocki, Requirements Eng.., Lecture 5 Plan of the lecture Introduction Private victory principles Public victory principles The emotional bank account Six major deposits Think win / win Empathic communication Synergize

28. J. Nawrocki, Requirements Eng.., Lecture 5 Think win / win Mutual benefit. My success does not exclude your success.

29. J. Nawrocki, Requirements Eng.., Lecture 5 Think win / win Win / lose = paradigm of sport races: “If I win, you lose.” “I lose, you win. I’m a loser.” Danger: Unexpressed feelings never die!

30. J. Nawrocki, Requirements Eng.., Lecture 5 Think win / win How to win a call for tender? How to estimate time and cost to win?

31. J. Nawrocki, Requirements Eng.., Lecture 5 Plan of the lecture Introduction Private victory principles Public victory principles The emotional bank account Six major deposits Think win / win Empathic communication Synergize

32. J. Nawrocki, Requirements Eng.., Lecture 5 Empathic communication Seek first to understand Levels of listening: ignoring ignoring pretending pretending selective listening selective listening empathic listening empathic listening Understanding and perception (in SE: CORE or PREview) (in SE: CORE or PREview) Then seek to be understood

33. J. Nawrocki, Requirements Eng.., Lecture 5 Plan of the lecture Introduction Private victory principles Public victory principles The emotional bank account Six major deposits Think win / win Empathic communication Synergize

34. J. Nawrocki, Requirements Eng.., Lecture 5 SynergizeSynergize Synergy: whole > part 1 + part 2 +.. + part n Synergy: to build on and to build on strengths and to compensate for. to compensate for weaknesses.

35. J. Nawrocki, Requirements Eng.., Lecture 5 SummarySummary Our partner is like the emotional bank account: we can make emotional deposits and withdrawals. Public victory needs: thinking win / win or no deal empathic communication synergy

36. J. Nawrocki, Requirements Eng.., Lecture 5 Further readings S.R. Covey, The Seven Habits of Highly Effective People, Simon & Schuster, London, 1992 

37. J. Nawrocki, Requirements Eng.., Lecture 5 HomeworkHomework Assess maturity of RE processes in your last-year SDS project Write an HTML document (Requirements Management Policy) describing the list of guidelines you are willing to follow this year

38. J. Nawrocki, Requirements Eng.., Lecture 5 Quality assessment 1. What is your general impression? (1 - 6) 2. Was it too slow or too fast? 3. What important did you learn during the lecture? 4. What to improve and how?