1. A DJECTIVE C LAUSES AND L ISTENING D ISCUSSION P RACTICE Week 4 Level 4 YUELI-ICU

2. D ISCUSSION P RACTICE What kind of teachers do you like? What are their qualities? How do they act towards their students? What kind of a student does well in Level 4? What are his/her qualities? What does he/she do to succeed? What kind of school has the most successful students? What programs does the school offer? What are the requirements or rules in class, for homework, tests, etc.?

3. F ORMING COMPLEX OPINION SENTENCES Take your groups’ ideas and make sentences using the following as the beginning of your sentences. 1. I like teachers… 2. A successful student is someone… 3. A school with the most successful students is a school …

4. E XAMPLE SENTENCES 1. I like teachers who are helpful and kind. 2. A successful student is someone that works hard and doesn’t cheat. 3. A school with the most successful students is a school which sets high standards and hires excellent teachers.

5. I thanked the woman. She helped me. (a) I thanked the woman who helped me. (b) I thanked the woman that helped me. The book is mine. It is on the table. (c) The book whichis on the tableis mine. (d) The book thatis on the tableis mine. In (a): I thanked the woman = a main clause; who helped me = an adjective clause. * An adjective clause modifies a noun. In (a): the adjective clause modifies woman. In (a): who is the subject of the adjective clause. In (b): that is the subject of the adjective clause. NOTE: (a) and (b) have the same meaning; (c) and (d) have the same meaning. who = used for people which = used for things that = used for both people and things (e) CORRECT: The book that is on the table is mine. (f ) INCORRECT: The book is mine -that-is-on-the-table. An adjective clause closely follows the noun it modifies. Adjective Clause Pronouns used as the Subject (Azar 13-2)

6. A DJECTIVE C LAUSES So what is an adjective clause? Adjective? Something that describes a noun Clause? A group of words which contain a subject and verb So….it is a group of words that begin with a relative pronoun [ who, whom, whose, that, or which ] or a relative adverb [ when, where, or why ] and it works just like an adjective ! It answers the questions What kind? How many? or Which one? relative pronoun relative adverb adjective

7. A DJECTIVE C LAUSES AS S UBJECTS The first group we will look at are related act as subjects of the noun they are modifying: 1. We helped the man. He was lost in the woods. a. We helped the man who was lost in the woods. b. We helped the man that was lost in the woods. 2. The new computer is fast. It is in my office. a. The new computer which is in my office is fast. b. The new computer that is in my office is fast. Do selected activities from Azar abridged Adjective Clause Exercises (Exercises 2-6)

8. The man was Mr. Jones. I saw him. a) The man who(m) I saw was Mr. Jones. b) The man that I saw was Mr. Jones. c) The man I saw was Mr. Jones. The movie wasn't very good. We saw it last night. d) The movie which we saw last night wasn’t very good. e) The movie that we saw last night wasn’t very good. f) The movie we saw last night wasn’t very good. Notice in the examples: The adjective clause pronouns are placed at the beginning of the clause. In (a): who is usually used instead of whom, especially in speaking. Whom is generally used only in very formal English. In (c) and (f ): An object pronoun is often omitted (0) from an adjective clause. (A subject pronoun, however, may not be omitted.) who(m) = used for people which = used for things that = used for both people and things (g)INCORRECT: The man who(m) I saw -him- was Mr. Jones. ;The man that I saw -him- was Mr. Jones. ; The man I saw -him- was Mr. Jones. In (g): The pronoun him must be removed. It is unnecessary because who(m), that, or 0 functions as the object of the verb saw. Adjective Clause Pronouns used as the Object (Azar 13-2)

9. A CTIVITIES WITH A DJECTIVE C LAUSES Do selected activities from Azar abridged Adjective Clause Exercises (Exercises 7-9)

10. R ELATIVE P RONOUN : W HOSE What is the difference between who’s and whose ? who’s means who is or who has whose is the relative pronoun showing possession e.g. I know the teacher. This teacher’s test was the most difficult in the school. Can you replace this teacher’s with a relative pronoun? I know the teacher whose test was the most difficult in the school. Do selected activities from Azar abridged Adjective Clause Exercises (Exercises 17-22)

11. R ELATIVE A DVERBS : W HEN AND W HY Can you think of possible ways to use when and why in adjective clauses? e.g. Friday is the day when I like to get together with my friends. Friday is a day. + I like to get together with my friends on Friday. How about why ?

12. R ELATIVE A DVERBS : W HEN AND W HY I sleep in class. + Boredom is the reason. Boredom is the reason why I sleep in class. Do selected activities from Azar abridged Adjective Clause Exercises (Exercises 24-26)

13. L ISTENING & S PEAKING P RACTICE Next week, you will have a Listening Quiz and Speaking Discussion Assessment The rest of today’s lesson will be very similar to what you will see next week

14. P RE -L ISTENING D ISCUSSION Q UESTIONS 1. What was your high school like? 2. In general, how would you describe Turkish education in secondary schools? 3. What methods did teachers use in high school? 4. What is the best way for teachers to help students attain knowledge?

15. L ISTENING P RACTICE Procedure: 1. We will watch and listen 2 times and take notes. 2. You should review your notes for 3 minutes between these 2 viewings. 3. After the second time, you will be given the questions and time to fill in your answers. 4. Then we will watch the video one more time. Please note this is a REAL lecture and it will seem difficult at first. Relax. Use some of the visual information and context clues to write your notes. You will get more and more details after each time you watch.

16. P OST -L ISTENING D ISCUSSION How do conversations begin usually amongst your friends? Do you usually begin immediately with a serious topic? What are the first few sentences of many conversations? When we begin with unimportant conversation, this is called small talk ! weather TV class

17. S MALL T ALK Conversation starters Weather Crazy weather, eh? It’s been very hot lately, hasn’t it? TV Did you watch any interesting shows last night? I saw the best show last night. class How was class? What’d you learn today?

18. F OLLOW -U P Q UESTIONS Once you begin the conversation, you also have to keep it going! Ask follow-up questions Example: 2 students speaking during break A: How was class? B: Terrible. A: Oh really? Why? B: Because my teacher only gave us 3 hours of homework. A: Only? You want more?? B: Of course. It helps me learn. Don’t you like homework? A: Ummmm…

19. P UT TOGETHER A C ONVERSATION Next week, you will be given discussion questions after the listening. You’ll be marked on your ability to keep the conversation going Let’s practice: with your group, write a few lines of small talk then, have one student begin the discussion by asking one of the questions keep asking follow up questions to keep the conversation going write down a few lines of dialogue to show your teacher

20. If you want to practice more with that lecture, go here: http://www.ted.com/talks/geoff_mulgan_a_short_i ntro_to_the_studio_school?language=en