1. mixtures
A mixture is made when two or more substances are combined, but they are not combined chemically.
General Properties of mixtures:
The components of a mixture can be easily separated
The components each keep their original properties
The proportion of the components is variable
**mixtures can be solid ,liquid or gas**

2. MIXTURES are can be separated Two or more kinds of matter put togetherby
can be
sorting
filtration
solutions
using sieves
using magnets
made when
which
floating vs. sinking
evaporation
cannot be separated by filtration
one kind of material dissolves in another
distillation
chromatography

4. TYPES OFMIXTURES

5. MIXTURES can have can have no visible parts visible parts are called
like
SOLUTIONS
sand and water
like
oil and vinegar
salt and water
iron and sand
Kool-Aid®

6. TYPES OF MIXTURES
*Heterogeneous mixtures the substances are not evenly distributed.
Example
1.Chocolate chip
2. Pizza
3. Rocks
*Homogeneous mixtures: all the substances are evenly distributed throughout the mixture
1.Salt water
2. air
3. blood

7. Within the categories of homogeneous and heterogeneous mixtures, there are more specific types of mixtures: 1.Solutions 2.Alloys 3.Suspensions 4.Colloids

8. Solutions (homogeneous)
A solution is a mixture where one of the substances dissolves in the other.
The substance that dissolves is called the Solute
The substance that the solute dissolves in is called the solvent.
for example salt water
salt = SOLUTE
water = SOLVENT
* These components can be easily separated by evaporation and they each retain their original properties.*

9. Alloys ( homogeneous)
An alloy is mixture of one or more metals with other solids.
Most alloys are solutions.
They are made by heating ,melting , and mixing the parts together.
Examples of alloys
1. steel ( is made of iron and carbon)
2.bronze (is made of copper and tin)
3. brass ( is made of copper and zinc)

10. Suspensions ( heterogeneous)
A suspensions is a mixture between a liquid and a particles of a solid.
In a suspension the particles do not dissolve.
A key characteristic of a suspension is that the
solid particles will settle and separate over time if left alone.
Examples:
Water and sand . When they are mixed up, the sand will disperse throughout the water. If left alone , the sand will settle to the bottom.

11. Colloids (heterogeneous)
A colloid is a mixture where very small particles of one substance are evenly distributed throughout another substance.
They are very similar to solution, but the particles are suspended in the solution rather than fully dissolved.
Difference between colloid and a suspension is that the particles will not settle to the bottom over a period of time, they will stay suspended or float.
Example:
Milk
fog

12. non transparent, non uniform, large particles, cloudy (milky)
Colloids
Colloids
non transparent, non uniform, large particles, cloudy (milky)
but stable system

13. Physical method to separated mixtures
We use physical method to separate mixture without changing their properties or identities.
Examples of physical methods for separating mixtures:
Density
Magnetism (separate iron filing from nonmagnetic material)
Boiling point
Melting point
Filtration
Sifting ( separate materials of different sizes)
Evaporation
Buoyancy
Distillation (separates mixtures by vaporization and condensation)