1. Jan. 23rd Warmup
What were the motivations behind European exploration of distant lands?
Anything of value:
Gold, spices, and luxury goods
Trade
Larger profits
Catholic conversion
The motivations behind European exploration of distant lands were anything of value (gold, spices, and luxury goods), trade, larger profits, and Catholic conversion.

2. 11.1 European Exploration & Expansion
Page #

3. European Explorers

4. European Explorers

6. Treaty of Tordesillas Background: Treaty of Tordesillas (1494)
Spain & Portugal feared each other would claim each other’s territories
Treaty of Tordesillas (1494)
North-south boundary line
Portugal would have east
Control of Africa and Spice trade
Spain would have west
Most of the America’s

7. Treaty of Tordesillas

8. Portuguese Portuguese Explorers 2. Bartholomeu Dias
3. Cape of Good Hope (1488)
2. Vasco da Gama
3. Calicut, India (1498)
3. Big $$ from cargo of Indian spices
2. Afonso de Albuquerque
3. established a port in Goa, India
3. Melaka- took control of spice trade from Muslims

9. Spanish Spanish Explorers 2. Columbus 3. reached the Americas (1492)
3. reached all major Caribbean islands, he called “Indies”
2. Magellan
3. waterway along tip of S. America, “Strait of Magellan”
3. killed in Philippines; remembered as 1st around globe
2. Amerigo Vespucci
3. many voyages; America named after him
2. Hernan Cortes
3. Conquest of the Aztec
2. Francisco Pizzaro
3. Conquest of the Inca

10. Making Connections Portuguese Spanish Invented the caravel
Used government sponsorship
Went to Africa for gold, later India & Spice Islands
Portuguese signed a treaty with Moluccan ruler for control of the spice trade over the Arabs
Limited number of trading posts
Did not have the power, people, or desire to colonize these regions.
Went to America; took control of Brazil
Used government sponsorship
Conquistadors went to America
Conquered Aztec & Inca Empires
Created an empire by destroying civilizations and killing native populations
Empire expansion

11. European Rivals
England, France, and the Netherlands also explored and settled in the Americas.
Dutch:
West India Company
New Netherland, never flourished
English:
Seized the colony of New Netherland, rename New York
Virginia & Massachusetts Bay Colony
Established control of the eastern seaboard of N. America
French:
Colonized Canada & Louisiana

12. Homework Read Lesson 11.2 (online), pages #198-203
11.2 Vocabulary List:
Destruction of local cultures
Increase European Trade
Mercantilism
Columbian Exchange
Plantation System
Dutch East India Company
Slave Trade
Middle Passage
Effects of the Atlantic Slave Trade