1. Models/Theories review Best advice: Review for this quiz in ‘full screen mode’ (F5) so you can look at models without seeing answers. Continue filling out your chart with info on the Geographers and their models/theories

2. Name the model or theory *Alonso & Ricardo *got left out of models project…. :0 Bid Rent theory

3. Name the model or theory John Borchert 1) Sail-Wagon Epoch (1790-1830) - associated with low technology 2) Iron Horse Epoch (1830-70); steam-powered locomotive & spreading rails 3) Steel-Rail Epoch (1870-1920); full impact of Ind. Rev. (steel), hinterlands expand 4) Auto-Air-Amenity Epoch (1920-70); gas-powered internal combustion engine High Technology Epoch (1970-today ); expansion of service & information industries (not part of Borchert's model) Transportation & Urbanization model: The American Epochs Five distinct periods in the history of American urbanization. Each epoch is characterized by the impact of a particular transport technology on the creation and differential rates of growth of American cities. AmericanurbanizationAmerican

4. Name the model or theory Norman Borlaug RIP, 2009  Green Revolution

5. Name the model or theory Esther BoserupPopulation and economic growth theory Not the worry wart regarding population

6. Name the model or theory ERNST BURGESSCONCENTRIC ZONE MODEL OF URBAN GROWTH Burgess and Urban = BURban

7. Name the model or theory H. Carey The Gravity Model

8. Name the model or theory CHRISTALLERCENTRAL PLACE THEORY OF URBAN/SERVICES DEVELOPMENT

9. Name the model or theory SubSaharan City model DeBlij

10. Jared Diamond (1937-) Guns, Germs, and Steel (1997); geographic luck(environmental determinism)

11. Name the model or theory Ford/Griffin Latin American city model

12. Name the model or theory Joel Garreau Edge Cities/ Urbanization

13. Name the model or theory Gimbutas Kurgan hypothesis In 1956 Gimbutas introduced her Kurgan hypothesis, which combined archaeological study of the distinctive Kurgan burial mounds with linguistics to unravel some problems in the study of theProto-Indo-European (PIE) speaking peoples, whom she dubbed the "Kurgans"; namely, to account for their origin and to trace their migrations into Europe.Kurgan hypothesisKurganlinguisticsProto-Indo-EuropeanEurope

14. Name the model or theory HARRIS & ULLMANMULTIPLE NUCLEI MODEL OF URBAN GROWTH Multiple names = multiple nuclei

15. Name the model or theory Harold HotellingIndustry – –Locational interdependence –Ice cream/Starbucks theory

16. Name the model or theory HOMER HOYTSECTOR MODEL OF URBAN GROWTH Homer / sector

17. Name the model or theory KoppenClimate classifications

18. Name the model or theory August LoschIndustrialization – –Profit maximization –‘$$ make me happy’ guy

19. Name the model or theory Thomas MalthusTheory of overpopulation

20. Name the model or theory HALFORD MAKINDER HEARTLAND THEORY OF POLITICAL POWER MaKINDer is kind HEARTed

21. Name the model or theory Alfred MahanSea power theory of political growth

22. Name the model or theory McGee SE Asian city model

23. Name the model or theory PETER MULLERSUBURBANIZATION + TRANSPORTATION ANALYSIS IN URBAN REGIONS Muller = Mules TRANSPORT

24. Name the model or theory Omran epidemiological transition is a phase of development witnessed by a sudden and stark increase in population growth rates brought about by medical innovation in disease or sickness therapy and treatment, followed by a re- leveling of population growth from subsequent declines in fertility ratesfertility rates

25. Name the model or theory FRIEDRICH RATZELORGANIC THEORY OF STATE GROWTH + ENVIRONMENTAL DETERMINISM - Natural surroundings rule human action A RAT is ORGANIC/alive RATs live in the environment

26. Name the model or theory Ernst RavensteinGravity model of migration + Laws of Migration RAVENS fly/ MIGRATE

27. Name the model or theory Collin RenfrewLanguage diffusion by agricultural means CoLLin/Language…..

28. Name the model or theory Walter Rostow Stages of economic growth/development Be able to name the stages w/country examples RostOW = economic grOWth

29. Name the model or theory Carl Sauer Possiblism/Landscape Theory states that the cultural landscape is shaped by humans and various cultural aspects of their culture. Examples- Humans have altered the physical environment in many ways including the architecture humans build, the toponyms placed on certain locations, burial practices, and sacred sites that are established. Possibilism Humans can alter their environment Hoover Dam – changing the landscape

30. Name the model or theory Nicholas SpykmanHe who controls the Rimland, controls the world – political systems theory SPYKE the RIM

31. Name the model or theory Taylor and Lang World Cities Model tAyLor / LAng L.A. is a world city

32. Name the model or theory Warren ThompsonDemographic Transition Holds that slowing population growth is attributable to –improved economic production –and higher standards of living brought about by changes in medicine, education and sanitation. Overcrowding is a reflection of the Carrying Capacity and not the numbers per unit area. (Carrying Capacity is the # of people an area can support on a sustained basis given the prevailing technology.)

33. Name the model or theory VON THUNENAGRICULTURAL ACTIVITIES IN AN ISOLATED STATE SURROUND A MARKET ZONE THAT IS CIRCULAR Not Burgess, but look the same.

34. Name the model or theory Immanuel Wallerstein World Systems Theory / Core- Periphery model Wallerstein = World

35. Name the model or theory Alfred WeberLeast Cost theory and Industrial location theory Cheap guy/theory

36. Alfred Wegener Continental drift (1915): hypothesized that the continents were slowly drifting around the Earth. His hypothesis was not accepted until the 1950s, when numerous discoveries provided conclusive evidence (plate tectonics).

37. Name the model or theory Wilber Zelinsky

38. Name the model or theory G. ZipfRank-size rule for sizes of cities

39. Most important Geographers/Theories Be able to match the person to their theory/model Be able to recognize/classify the theory/model Nature/Perspectives Sauer Ratzel Koppen Wegener THEORIES/CONCEPTS > environmental determinism Possiblism, Climate classification system DEV/RESOURCES Rostow Wallerstein Thompson Theories/CONCEPTS > Stages of eco growth, world systems theory Demographic Transition Pop/Migration Boserup Malthus Ravenstein Omran Carey Zelinsky Ratzel THEORIES/CONCEPTS > Gravity model-migration push & pull factors, population & food supply issues rural to urban migration, Ties b/t population growth & economic growth, Demographic Transition Culture > Language diffusion (military vs agriculture… M. Gimbutas, C. Renfrew, Sauer, Ratzel

40. Most important Geographers/Theories Be able to match the person to their theory/model Be able to recognize/classify the theory/model Political Mahan Spykman Mackinder Ratzel Models/Theories/concepts Sea power Rimland theory Heartland theory Organic states AGRICULTURE Von Thunen Borlaug Boserup Christaller Renfrew Models/theories Agri in the isolated state Green Revolution Centers of Agri and diffusion of culture/language INDUSTRIALIZATION/ECO DEVELOPMENT Weber Rostow Wallerstein Thompson Borlaug (as related to development) Taylor/Lang Theories/CONCEPTS > Stages of eco growth, world systems theory Demographic Transition Least cost theory Green Revolution – links to development CITIES AND URBAN LAND USE Borchert, Burgess, Harris/Ullman Hotelling, Losch, Garreau, Christaller Hoyt, Muller, Zipf, Muller/Hartshorn, DeBlij, Ford/Griffin, McGee THEORIES/CONCEPTS US city structure: Concentric Zones v Sector v Multiple Nuclei, v Urban Realms, World Cities, Central Place Theory, Suburbanization, Edge Cities, African v Asian v Latin American city structures

41. Anatolian Hearth theory Correlation b/t source areas of 3 agricultural centers and 3 major languages Turkey/agriculture/food/language

42. Central Place TheorySpatial distribution of cities/service centers is a hexagon w/CP in the middle Chrystals…

43. Core-Periphery model World systems Places/regions can’t develop equally, somebody has to be poor!

44. Demographic Transition Model Birth and mortality rates are tied to stages of development

45. Demographic Transition Holds that slowing population growth is attributable to –improved economic production –and higher standards of living brought about by changes in medicine, education and sanitation. Overcrowding is a reflection of the Carrying Capacity and not the numbers per unit area. (Carrying Capacity is the # of people an area can support on a sustained basis given the prevailing technology.)

46. Dependency TheoryPoor country’s economy is tied to a rich country, usually it’s former colonizer Tied to Neo-colonialism

47. Gravity model of migration Relationship b/t volume of migration and distance from source & destination is inverse ‘Black Hole’ city

48. Heartland Theory Mackinder's Heartland (also known as the Pivot Area) is the core area of Eurasia, and the World-Island is all of Eurasia (both Europe and Asia). He who controls Europe, controls the world ‘Who rules East Europe commands the Heartland Who rules the Heartland commands the World-Island Who rules the World-Island commands the world’

49. Least Cost/Location Theory Minimizing transportation costs Cheap theory

50. Migration TheoryPush-Pull Forces impact choices FORCED VOLUNTARY IMPELLED CHAIN

51. Concentric Zone Model Burgess Focus on CBD importance b/c CBD is at the center of the model ????

52. Multiple Nuclei modelCBD is not as important, urban areas develop several CBDs

53. Sector modelBased on urban transportation routes and bid rent prices

54. World Systems Theory Development is applicable across scales – local to regional to global

55. Five distinct periods in the history of American urbanization. American urbanization Each epoch is characterized by the impact of a particular transport technology on the creation and differential rates of growth of American cities.American Urbanization: American Epochs

56. Edge Cities/ Urbanization

57. ‘Where there is a Target, there is also a….’ Industry – –Locational interdependence –Ice cream/ starbucks theory

58. Industrialization – –Profit maximization –‘$$ make me happy’ guy

59. Connecting Agri/Ind/Medical revs to urbanization

60. Good review sites > https://sites.google.com/ site/geographymajorthe ories/ Models/Theories > http ://teacherweb.ftl.pinecre st.edu/snyderd/mwh/ap/ apgeographers.htmhttp ://teacherweb.ftl.pinecre st.edu/snyderd/mwh/ap/ apgeographers.htm Prezi for Models and Theories > http://prezi.com/qui gwfyvfnoy/ap-human- geography-models-and- theories/ Prezi #2 > http://prezi.com/wkppdgvqnt 1d/ap-human-geography- models/ Flash cards for models/theories > http://quizl et.com/2260847/ap-human- geography-models-theories- flash-cards /http://prezi.com/qui gwfyvfnoy/ap-human- geography-models-and- theories/http://prezi.com/wkppdgvqnt 1d/ap-human-geography- models/http://quizl et.com/2260847/ap-human- geography-models-theories- flash-cards /