1. HOW DO FUNGI SURVIVE? https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3csU3ORBO_A http://i.telegraph.co.uk/multimedia/archive/0271 1/fungibleedingtooth_2711216k.jpg

2. http://1789a7.medialib.edu.glogster.com/EVY2eP5JMpNFVfAN8260/media/e9/e94ebfe3a 5f3bb7448a5a280303478f3598d30d8/kingdom-fungi-pic-4.jpg

3. What Are Fungi?  Eukaryotic  Heterotrophic  Cell Walls Containing Chitin  Chitin: a complex carbohydrate that is also found in the external skeletons of insects https://hermansonhbiology.files.wordpress.com/2011/11/04_04aanimalcell- u.jpg

4. What does it mean to be a heterotroph?  Depend on other organisms for food  This makes them similar to animals  BUT… https://encrypted-tbn0.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcQ7qFUbp8zmpXaSkU6mUtKAZz04aI-oxggdW-- c7gZ4FH4NhUT-Hg

5. Unlike Animals  Fungi don’t ingest their food  They digest their food outside of their bodies and then absorb it  Through a process called Extracellular Digestion http://s2.hubimg.com/u/6016097_f520.jpg

6. Structure and Function of Fungi  Yeasts are the only unicellular fungi  The rest are multicellular  Composed of hyphae http://www.visualphotos.com/photo/1x3745113/kluyveromyces_lactis_yeast_cell_kluyverom yces_lactis_yeast_cell_metabolize_lactose_milk_sugar__AH973A.jpg http://www.zamnesia.com/2045-4299/hawaiian-supa-gro.jpg

7. Hyphae  Definition: tiny filament that makes up a multicellular fungus  One cell wall thick  Some have cross walls  Divide hyphae into cells containing 1 or 2 nuclei  Have tiny openings so cytoplasm and nuclei can move  Some lack cross walls  Contain many nuclei http://www.medical-labs.net/wp- content/uploads/2014/04/Forms-of-hyphae- Septate-and-Coenocytic-Hyphae.jpg

8. Two Kinds of Hyphae http://www.medical-labs.net/wp-content/uploads/2014/04/Forms-of- hyphae-Septate-and-Coenocytic-Hyphae.jpg

9. MAKING A MYCELIUM ACTIVITY

10. Structure and Function of Fungi  Mycelium  Thick mass of tangled hyphae  Makes up body of a fungus  Mushroom  Fruiting body Reproductive structure Grows from the mycelium in the soil

11. Mycelium http://www.britmycolsoc.org.uk/files/1313/2032/6049/17141555582_QCb9D.jpg http://www.zamnesia.com/2045-4299/hawaiian-supa-gro.jpg

12. Structure and Function of Fungi Fruiting Body Mycelium Hyphae https://encrypted-tbn2.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcSfAGVH9H7GuLmprwmYQnapHbfFDlHfTWMQp8GbY0xEMMzu8EIc

13. Structure and Function of Fungi  Fairy Rings  Mycelium can live for many years  Nutrients in the center of mycelium are exhausted  New mushrooms only sprout around the edges http://fairyroom.com/WP/wp-content/uploads/2012/05/fairyring-l.jpeg

14. Fairy Rings http://fairyroom.com/WP/wp-content/uploads/2012/10/fairyroom_fairy-ring.jpeg

15. Reproduction in Fungi  Most fungi reproduce BOTH  Asexually Hyphae break off and grow on their own Through spores Spore: reproductive cell capable of growing through mitosis alone Produced in sporangia Sporangia on tips of specialized hyphae, Sporangiophores  Sexually

16. http://dtc.pima.edu/blc/182/lesson5/fungi/fungiimages/lifecycle2.gif

17. Reproduction in Fungi  Most fungi reproduce BOTH  Asexually  Sexually Involves two different mating types of hyphae Sex cells (gametes) are the same size Mating types are plus “+” and minus “-” Two mating type hyphae meet and fuse eventually creating spores Spores similar to asexual spore: undergo mitosis to become a new fungi

19. http://classroom.sdmesa.edu/eschmid/Lectur21.gif

20. http://archive.bio.ed.ac.uk/jdeacon/microbes/zygo2.jpg

21. How Fungi Spread  Spores found in almost every environment  Spores can scatter in the wind  Spores can be spread over long distances by animals  Need the proper combination of temperature, moisture, and food  Even so… probability of spore producing a mature organism can be < 1 in a billion

22. How Fungi Spread  Planet Wild-Fungi | Storyteller Media Planet Wild-Fungi | Storyteller Media