2. Joyet 20041 Language Types We’re going to look at two types of language: figurative language and literal language

3. Joyet 20042 Figurative vs. Literal To understand figurative language figurative one has to understand the difference between and literal

4. Joyet 20043 More on Literal My meaning is exactly what I say. To be literal is to mean what you say. For example: If I tell you to sit down, I mean it literally: “sit down,” as in: “sit in your seat now, please.”

5. Joyet 20044 and more on Literal I mean exactly what I say. Here’s another example. I’m tired and going home. This means “I’m tired and I’m going home” there is no other meaning other than what is said.

6. Joyet 20045 2 nd 2 nd Figurative I’m not suggesting we get into the freezer. To be figurative is to not mean what you say but imply something else. For example: If, I tell you: “let’s go chill!”

7. Joyet 20046 Figurative continued It has nothing to do with temperature. “let’s go chill” … …means let’s relax together and do something fun.

8. Joyet 20047 Figurative vs. Literal Confused? Think of it this way: Literal as exactly what you mean. Figurative as meaning something else.

9. 8 Why Figurative Language? Also known as descriptive language, or poetic language, figurative language helps the writer paint a picture in the reader’s mind.

10. Joyet 20049 Again: Figurative Language Figurative Language does not always mean what is being said or read, but serves to make it more interesting.

11. 10 Six Techniques of Figurative Language There are six techniques that we’re going to look at, and yes, you’ll need to learn all six.

12. Joyet 200411 Six Techniques of Figurative Language You will need to: understand them identify them use them in your writing

13. Types of Figurative Language Simile Metaphor Alliteration Personification Hyperbole Onomatopoeia S.M.A.P.H.O.

14. Simile A figure of speech that compares two unlike things, using the words like or as. Example: The muscles on his brawny arms are as strong as iron bands.

15. Joyet 200414 Simile More examples of similes: She is like a rainy day. He is as busy as a bee. They are like two peas in a pod. The metal twisted like a ribbon.

16. Important! Using “like” or “as” doesn’t make a simile. A comparison must be made. Not a Simile: I like pizza. Simile: The moon is like a pizza.

17. Metaphor A figure of speech that compares two unlike things without using like or as. You simply state one thing is another thing. Example: The road was a ribbon wrapped through the dessert.

18. Joyet 200417 Metaphor More examples of metaphors: She is a graceful swan. He is a golden god. They are honey from the honeycomb.

19. Joyet 200418 Brian was a wall, bouncing every tennis ball back over the net. This metaphor compares Brian to a wall because __________. a. He was very strong. b. He was very tall. c. He kept returning the balls. d. His body was made of cells.

20. Joyet 200419 We would have had more pizza to eat if Tammy hadn’t been such a hog. Tammy was being compared to a hog because she __________. a. looked like a hog b. ate like a hog c. smelled like a hog d. was as smart as a hog

21. Joyet 200420 Cindy was such a mule. We couldn’t get her to change her mind. The metaphor compares Cindy to a mule because she was __________. a. always eating oats b. able to do hard work c. raised on a farm d. very stubborn

22. Joyet 200421 The poor rat didn’t have a chance. Our old cat, a bolt of lightning, caught his prey. The cat was compared to a bolt of lightning because he was _______. a. very fastb. very bright c. not fond of fleasd. very old

23. Joyet 200422 Even a child could carry my dog, Dogface, around for hours. He’s such a feather. This metaphor implies that Dogface: a. is not cuteb. looks like a bird c. is not heavyd. can fly

24. Alliteration Repeated consonant sounds occurring at the beginning of words or within words. Example: She was wide-eyed and wondering while she waited for Walter to waken.

25. Joyet 200424 Alliteration More examples of alliteration: Sally Sells Seashells By The Sea Shore Rolling, Racing, Roaring, Rapids

26. 25 Alliteration Tongue twisters are generally alliterations. For example: Busy batters bat baseballs by bases. "Peter Piper picked a peck of pickled peppers."

27. Personification A figure of speech which gives the qualities of a human to non-human things (an animal, an object, or an idea). Example: “The wind yells while blowing." The wind cannot yell. Only a living thing can yell.

28. Joyet 200427 Personification The leaves danced in the wind More examples of personification: The heat ripped the breath from her lungs.

29. Joyet 200428 Personification Hunger sat shivering on the road. The streets are calling me. Flowers danced about the lawn. The water on the lake shivered.

30. Joyet 200429 Personification The sleeping water reflected the evening sky. Humidity breathed in the girl's face and ran its greasy fingers through her hair. The tree arrested the oncoming car.

31. Hyperbole An exaggerated statement used to impress or stress something. It is not used to mislead the reader, but to emphasize a point. Example: She’s said so on several million occasions.

32. Joyet 200431 Hyperbole “He never speaks to her.” Never? That is a very long time. Hyperbole means to exaggerate. Take for example:

33. Joyet 200432 Hyperbole We have a ton of work. A ton is a lot of work. A ton is also two thousand pounds. Hyperbole example:

34. Joyet 200433 Hyperbole I ate two thousand pounds of pasta. Two thousand pounds is also known as a ton, this person must be really obese. Hyperbole example:

35. Joyet 200434 Hyperbole I told you a million times. I don’t mind repeating myself, but a million times? That’s a lot. Hyperbole example:

36. Onomatopoeia The use of words that mimic sounds. Example: The firecracker made a loud ka-boom!

37. Joyet 200436 Onomatopoeia The formation or use of words such as buzz, murmur or boo that imitate the sounds associated with the objects or actions they refer to.

38. Joyet 200437 Onomatopoeia Examples of the onomatopoeia: Bang, went the gun! Swoosh went the basketball through the hoop.

39. Joyet 200438 Onomatopoeia in practice Onomatopoeia is the use of words whose sounds make you think of their meanings. For example; buzz, thump, pop. Many comic strips use onomatopoeia.

40. Joyet 200439 Onomatopoeia

41. Joyet 200440 We’ve looked at Literal vs. Figurative Remember: Real vs. Imaginary

42. Figurative Language Resources Eye on Idioms (Online PPT) Eye on Idioms Paint by Idioms (Game) Paint by Idioms Alliteration or Simile? (Quiz) Alliteration or Simile? Similes and Metaphors (PPT) Similes and Metaphors The Search for Similes, Metaphors, and Idioms (PPT) The Search for Similes, Metaphors, and Idioms Alliteration (PPT) Alliteration Onomatopoeia (PPT) Onomatopoeia Personification (PPT) Personification Hyperbole (PPT) Hyperbole Idioms (PPT) Idioms Simile (PPT) Simile

43. Teaching Similes and Metaphors Teaching Similes and Metaphors Alliteration Lesson Plan and Resources http://volweb.utk.edu/Schools/bedford/harrisms/1allitera.htm http://volweb.utk.edu/Schools/bedford/harrisms/1allitera.htm Hyperbole- Lesson Plans and Resources http://volweb.utk.edu/Schools/bedford/harrisms/10lesson.htm http://volweb.utk.edu/Schools/bedford/harrisms/10lesson.htm Idiom Lesson Plan http://volweb.utk.edu/Schools/bedford/harrisms/6lesson.htm http://volweb.utk.edu/Schools/bedford/harrisms/6lesson.htm Imagery- Lesson Plans and Resources http://volweb.utk.edu/Schools/bedford/harrisms/imagery2.htm http://volweb.utk.edu/Schools/bedford/harrisms/imagery2.htm Lesson Plan for Puns http://volweb.utk.edu/Schools/bedford/harrisms/5lesson.htm http://volweb.utk.edu/Schools/bedford/harrisms/5lesson.htm Onomatopoeia- Lesson Plans and Resources http://volweb.utk.edu/Schools/bedford/harrisms/9lesson.htm http://volweb.utk.edu/Schools/bedford/harrisms/9lesson.htm Personification Lesson Plans and Resources http://volweb.utk.edu/Schools/bedford/harrisms/7lesson.htm Proverbs- Lesson Plans and Resources http://volweb.utk.edu/Schools/bedford/harrisms/proverbs2.htm http://volweb.utk.edu/Schools/bedford/harrisms/proverbs2.htm