1. WHAT TO EXPECT FROM SANS 241:2015
RAND WATER RIETVLEI INDABA AUDITORIUM
Mapula Mametja
18 February 2015

2. OVERVIEW WATER LAWS IN SA CURRENT SANS (2006 OR 2011?)
COMPARISONS OF SANS, BLUE DROP LIMITS AND RAND WATER PRODUCTION SPEC
SANS 241: 2015
PRESCRIBED WATER QUALITY MONITORING PROGRAMME
CHANGING DETERMINANDS IN DISTRIBUTION
CONCLUSION

3. What is “Water Services”?
Water Treatment
Distribution
Use
What is “Water Services”?
Management and customer interface and services
Surface and ground water
Abstraction
Treated & untreated discharges
Water use efficiency and demand management (No Drop)
Diffuse pollution
Non-reticulated systems (e.g. on-site “dry” sanitation)
Re-use
Wastewater Treatment
Collection
= Key interfaces between the resource and the services
National Water Act, 36 of 1998
Water Services Act, 108 of 1997
Water Laws in South Africa-
NWA is applicable to management, protection, conversation etc of water resources in South Africa
Red box: all the activities are regulated by WSA which is the primary legislative and Regulations which are secondary legislatives
Sec 9 of WSA gives the minister the powers to right the Regulations
Sec 5 of Sec 9 prescribes quality of services to be provided (enough water with enough pressure ectc) which refers to SANS and this standard was revised based using WHO guidelines

4. What is “Water Services”?
Water Treatment
Distribution
Use
What is “Water Services”?
Management and customer interface and services
Surface and ground water
Abstraction
Treated & untreated discharges
Water use efficiency and demand management (No Drop)
Diffuse pollution
Non-reticulated systems (e.g. on-site “dry” sanitation)
Re-use
Wastewater Treatment
Collection
= Key interfaces between the resource and the services
National Water Act, 36 of 1998
Water Services Act, 108 of 1997
Water Laws in South Africa-
Regulations under s9: Compulsory National Standards for Quality Water Services
basic water supply, interruption in provision of water services, disposal of grey water, repair of leaks, quality of potable water - refers National Standard for Drinking Water (SANS) 241)
NWA is applicable to management, protection, conversation etc of water resources in South Africa
Red box: all the activities regulated by WSA which is the primary legislative and Regulations which are secondary legislatives
Sec 9 of WSA gives the minister the powers to prescribe standards which in this instance for drinking water is called SANS 241
This standard was revised using WHO guidelines

5. SANS 241: 2006 vs SANS 241:2011
DWS assessed WSI using Blue Drop Limits
Developed from both SANS 241:2006 and 2011
Less stringent limit was considered Blue Drop Limits
2014 Blue Drop limits – 2013 Audits
2015 Blue Drop limits – PAT assessment
SANS 241:2015 (2016 Audit?)
SANS 241: 2006 has Class I and Class II limits
Class II is for water that can be consumed for limited period of time
DWS assess the WSI based in Class I of SANS 241:2006
Currently SANS 241-2:2011 is legislated (application of SANS i.e. risk management)
This implies that all WSI are mandated to comply to SANS241-2 of 2011

6. Comparison between SANS 241 Limits and Blue Drop Limits
Free chlorine – there is health risk limit which is less or equal 5 and operational risk limit which will have a minimum and maximum value. If WSI does not provide the operational risk limit, DWS will give a default value of 0.2 mg/l
TOC or DOC will be accepted

7. Comparison between SANS 241 Limits, Blue Drop Limits and Rand Water Production limits
Rand Water Production spec – was based on expect opinion with reference to SANS 241and gut feel. Expect involved was Chris Viljoen, John Geldenhuys and Crissie de Wet. Current process will follow the scientific route looking at historical data, capability of the plant, cost of the chemicals used for treatment and behaviour of chemicals used taking into consideration SANS 241
Rand Water’s current supply area is km2
Distribution network of over km of large diameter pipeline
Rand Water is currently purifying and distributing ~4 200 Ml/d of potable water

8. SANS 241:2015
Part 1: Definition of safe drinking water quality requirements for humans.
Part 2: Definition of water quality management system requirements (Application of SANS 241-1)
Part 1 defines the limits for all the determinands for human consumption purpose

9. SANS 241-2 Part 2: Application of SANS 241-1
Key elements for management actions
water quality risk assessment – assessment of risk from intake water to point of delivery
routine monitoring – establishment and implementation of operational & compliance (location of sampling points, frequency & determinands)
response monitoring – incident management / monitoring of DWQ following non-compliance
verification of water quality – calculate compliance with numerical limits; &
water safety planning – address outcomes of above
Verification of water quality – compliance calculations based on determinands listed in table 1 and 2 of SANS and any determinands identified as risk not listed in table 1 and table 2 SANS and WHO limits shall be used.
minimum requirements

10. SANS 241-2: PRESCRIBED WATER QUALITY MONITORING PROGRAMME
Lists all compulsory determinands to be monitored from abstraction to point of use
Full SANS 241 analysis at minimum - once per annual on representative sample points.
RW monitors Raw and Final waters –should there any abnormalities in the raw and final water RW will info all the LM as per the Bulk Water Contract

11. E.g. population is : (600000/20 000) + 36

12. SANS 241-2 WATER QUALITY MONITORING PROGRAMME
Annual risk assessment  risk defined monitoring programme (table 3)
Table 1 SANS241-2
default risk determinands which will also form part of risk defined monitoring programme
Full SANS 241 analysis at minimum - once per annual on representative sample points.
All determinands that do not comply to SANS limits will form part of the risk defined monitoring programme. Frequency will be based on table 3
SANS table 1 determinands are also used as default risk determinands

14. DETERMINANDS THAT CAN CHANGE IN THE DISTRIBUTION NETWORK
Reasons that can lead to the deterioration:
Addition of chemicals
Leaching from pipe lining
Leaks
Regrowth inside the pipe etc.
Deteminands that can change
Frequency of monitoring as per table 3
Determinands that can change are listed based on nature of Rand Water system
Frequency to monitor the identified determinands that can change should be as per table 3

15. VERIFICATION i: Risk defined compliance
ii: Drinking water quality compliance
a- acute health microbiological
b- acute health chemical
c- chronic health chemical
d- operational
e- aesthetic
Determinand compliance

16. CONCLUSION SANS 241:2015 determinands limits - relaxed/more stringent
Full SANS – annually ( 45 determinands)
Protozoa to be monitored if final water indicated positive results
Total Microcystin to be monitored if there is algal bloom in raw water
New determinands = 18
Removed determinands = 9
Current monitoring to be aligned with SANS 241 requirements
Note: SANS 241: some of the determinands are being relaxed and some are more stringent
- determinands removed – Rand Water will still monitor for those
Small LMs to review their current monitoring programmes to align with the requirements (budget, resources)

17. THANK YOU