1. Do Now Identify the following: C H O H2O CO2 NaCl C6H12O6
What do they all have in common?

2. Do Now Identify the following: C Carbon H Hydrogen O Oxygen H2O Water
CO Carbon dioxide
NaCl Sodium chloride
C6H12O Glucose
What do they all have in common? Made of atoms, matter; are elements or are elements joined to make a compound

3. Standards
CLE Explore matter in terms of its physical and chemical properties.
CLE Evaluate pure substances and mixtures.
CLE Investigate chemical and physical changes.

4. Objectives Classify pure substance as elements or compounds.
Describe the characteristics of an element and the symbols used to identify elements.
Describe the characteristics of a compound.
Distinguish pure substances from mixtures.
Classify mixtures as heterogeneous or homogeneous.
Classify mixtures as solutions, suspensions, or colloids.

5. Pure Substances
A pure substance is matter that always has exactly the same composition.
Table salt and table sugar are two examples of pure substances.
Substances can be classified into two categories—elements and compounds.
Every sample of a given substance has the same properties because a substance has a fixed, uniform composition.

6. Elements
An element is a substance that cannot be broken down into simpler substances.
An element has a fixed composition because it contains only one type of atom.
No two elements contain the same type of atom.

7. Elements
Symbols for Elements
Chemists use symbols of one or two letters to represent elements. The first letter is always capitalized. If there is a second letter, it is not capitalized.
Ex. C (carbon) Al (aluminum) Au (gold)

8. Compounds must be separated by some chemical process!!
A compound is a substance that is made from two or more simpler substances and can be broken down into those simpler substances (Elements or other compounds.
A compound always contains two or more elements joined in a fixed proportion.
Ex. H2O (water)
C6H12O6 (sucrose)
NaCl (salt)
Compounds must be separated by some chemical process!!

9. Frayer Model

10. TOTD
Reviewing Concepts
p. 44 #1-3

11. Do Now
Identify the following mixtures as Homogeneous (HO) or Heterogeneous (HE):
Italian Dressing
Apple juice
Sand
Kool-Aid
Orange juice with pulp
House Salad
Black coffee

12. Mixtures
The properties of a mixture can vary because the composition of a mixture is not fixed.
Mixtures can retain some of the properties of their individual substances.
The properties of a mixture are less constant than the properties of a substance.

13. Do Now
Identify the following mixtures as Homogeneous (HO) or Heterogeneous (HE):
Italian Dressing - (HE)
Apple juice - (HO)
Sand - (HE)
Kool-Aid - (HO)
Orange juice with pulp (HE)
House Salad (HE)
Black coffee - (HO)
Think about the consistency of the 2 types mixtures. What makes them different from each other?

14. Mixtures
Mixtures can be classified by how well the parts of the mixture are distributed throughout the mixture.
Heterogeneous Mixtures
In a heterogeneous mixture, the parts of the mixture are noticeably different from one another.
Homogeneous Mixtures
In a homogeneous mixture, the substances are so evenly distributed that it is difficult to distinguish one substance in the mixture from another.

15. Mixtures
The sand is a heterogeneous mixture of different kinds of grains. The spoon is stainless steel, a homogeneous mixture of iron, chromium, and nickel.

16. Solutions, Suspensions, and Colloids
When substances dissolve and form a homogeneous mixture, the mixture that forms is called a solution.
Suspensions
A suspension is a heterogeneous mixture that separates into layers over time.

17. Solutions, Suspensions, and Colloids
A colloid contains some particles that are intermediate in size between the small particles in a solution and the larger particles in a suspension.
Like solutions, colloids do not separate into layers.
You cannot use a filter to separate the parts of a colloid.

18. Solutions, Suspensions, and Colloids
These liquids represent three categories of mixtures.
Windshield wiper fluid is a solution.
Muddy water collected from a swamp is a suspension.
Milk is a colloid.

19. Checks for Understanding
Which of these substances is a compound?
copper
water
oxygen
carbon

20. Checks for Understanding
Which of these substances is a compound?
copper
water
oxygen
carbon ANS: B

21. Checks for Understanding
Which of these groups of letters could be used as a symbol for an element? HF Cm
Car fe

22. Checks for Understanding
Which of these groups of letters could be used as a symbol for an element? HF Cm
Car
fe ANS: B

23. Checks for Understanding
Which of the following statements does not apply to a compound?
It is made of two or more elements.
It has components that are joined in fixed proportions.
It can be separated into components by physical methods.
It can be broken down into elements or other compounds.

24. Checks for Understanding
Which of the following statements does not apply to a compound?
It is made of two or more elements.
It has components that are joined in fixed proportions.
It can be separated into components by physical methods.
It can be broken down into elements or other compounds. ANS: C

25. Checks for Understanding
How does a compound differ from a mixture?
A compound cannot be broken down into simpler substances.
Compounds can be separated by physical processes and mixtures cannot.
The composition of a mixture cannot vary.
A compound is made of two or more elements in fixed proportion.

26. Checks for Understanding
How does a compound differ from a mixture?
A compound cannot be broken down into simpler substances.
Compounds can be separated by physical processes and mixtures cannot.
The composition of a mixture cannot vary.
A compound is made of two or more elements in fixed proportion. ANS: D

27. Checks for Understanding
Which of these materials is a heterogeneous mixture?
air
seawater
sand
steel

28. Checks for Understanding
Which of these materials is a heterogeneous mixture?
air
seawater
sand
steel ANS: C

29. Checks for Understanding
Which of the following can be separated with a filter?
colloids
compounds
solutions
suspensions

30. Checks for Understanding
Which of the following can be separated with a filter?
colloids
compounds
solutions
suspensions ANS: D

31. Complete the classification of matter worksheets.

32. TOTD
Standardized Test Prep
p. 65 #1, 5, 6