1. Swinomish Climate Change Initiative: Vulnerability Assessment and Action Plan ATNI Tribal Leaders Summit on Climate Change March 10, 2015 Larry Campbell &Jamie Donatuto, Swinomish Indian Tribal Community

2. SWINOMISH INDIAN RESERVATION ISLAND FIDALGO Swinomish Village Tribal HQ Swinomish Indian Reservation

3. Sea Level Rise + Tidal Storm Surge = Bigger Storm Waves Today’s 100-yr flood event becomes a 10-yr event at ~2050. By 2100, it becomes a 1-yr event.

4. Swinomish Climate Change Initiative Year 1 – Technical Report (2009): - Impact assessment - Vulnerability assessment - Risk analysis Year 2 – Action Plan (2010): - Review strategies, criteria - Assess requirements - Develop/prioritize recommendations www.swinomish- nsn.gov/climate_change/project/reports. html

5. Impact Scoping Matrix Swinomish Climate Change Initiative

6. Fishing facilities Shellfish Beach seining Impacts on Tribal Resources Wetlands Groundwater recharge TOO MUCH WATER: Streamflows TOO LITTLE WATER:

7. Structures Property TypeNumberAcres Approximate Value Residential 1,3681,995$ 493,688,000 Non-Residential 9143$ 4,806,000 Buildable Lots 18380$ 19,918,000 TOTAL 1,5602,218$ 518,412,000 Wildfire Risk Zone

8. Impacts on Human Health Heat-related illness (exhaustion, stroke) Respiratory problems (asthma, air quality) Opportunistic viruses (West Nile, flu) Emerging health threats (fungal, viral) Food-borne/pollution related threats (toxins, water quality)

9. Action Plan, Chpt 4: Cultural Tradition and Community Health “ Community wellness” addresses issues of community resilience and cultural sovereignty that are vital to preparing for significant changes health indicators -- community cohesion, food security, ceremonial use, knowledge transmission, and self determination. e.g., healing gardens, language programs

10. Sea Level Rise Seawalls (Armoring) Access/ Sediments (erosion) Shellfish Overview: 2013 NPLCC Pilot Study Swinomish Community Health JD

11. By 2100 ~27% decrease in suitable shellfish growth & harvest area Today there are roughly 20 acres suitable for growing and harvesting shellfish at Lone Tree Point JD

12. Community-based Indigenous health indicators (IHIs): COMMUNITY CONNECTION SELF DETERMINATION CALM MIND (BALANCE OR EMOTIONAL STABILITY) NATURAL RESOURCES SECURITY CULTURAL USE EDUCATION

13. Workshops Access: On a scale of 1- 4, are there enough locations available to harvest? 1. Things are very bad 2. Not very good 3. Looking pretty good 4. We’re doing great Access: On a scale of 1-4, will there be enough locations available to harvest in 2100? Now: 0% 46% 8% 2100: 18% 64% 18% 0%

14. NRS = Natural Resources SecurityCU = Cultural Use ED = EducationCC = Community Connection SD = Self-Determination CM = Calm Mind (Emitional Security)

15. EPA STAR Project: First Foods and Habitats Associated Habitats  Pocket estuaries  Eelgrass beds  Beach  Bluff and backshore Agent of Change (Drivers)  Sea-Level Rise  Storm Surge and Waves  Sediment Dynamics  Salinity Gradients Concerns  Salmon  Forage Fish  Juvenile Crab  Clams  Traditional Plants  Cultural Sites

16. Assess First Foods’ nearshore habitats Nearshore area lost  Maps & models of potential impacts to Swinomish first foods & culturally important areas Inundation increases 5%-24% by 2100

17. Community Advisory Board & Workshops

18. Education & Dissemination  Environmental Education & Community Health Education projects within Tribe  Regional & national conferences  Short film(s)  Webinars  “Template” booklet of methods to share with other Tribes  Support undergraduate and graduate interns

19. THANK YOU For more information, please contact: Larry Campbell (360) 466-7352 lcampbell@swinomish.nsn.us Dr. Jamie Donatuto (360) 466-1532 jdonatuto@swinomish.nsn.us Research supported by: Swinomish Tribe; EPA STAR #83479101 & #83559501; NPLCC & USFWS #F12AP00994 IHI website: www.swinomish-nsn.gov/ihi/