1. FOUNDATIONS OF NURSING RESEARCH Sixth Edition CHAPTER Copyright ©2012 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. Foundations of Nursing Research, Sixth Edition Rose Marie Nieswiadomy Identifying Nursing Research Problems 5

2. Copyright ©2012 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. Foundations of Nursing Research, Sixth Edition Rose Marie Nieswiadomy Learning Objectives 1.Identify Sources Of Nursing Research Problems 2.Determine Factors To Be Considered When Choosing An Appropriate Topic For A Research Study 3.List The Criteria To Be Considered When Writing A Research Question 4.Discuss The Format For Writing A Research Question

3. Copyright ©2012 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. Foundations of Nursing Research, Sixth Edition Rose Marie Nieswiadomy Learning Objectives 5.Write Research Questions For Proposed Nursing Studies 6.Critique Problem Statements, Purpose Statements, And Research Questions In Published Research Reports And Articles

4. Copyright ©2012 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. Foundations of Nursing Research, Sixth Edition Rose Marie Nieswiadomy Learning Objective One Learning Objective One Identify Sources Of Nursing Research Problems

5. Copyright ©2012 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. Foundations of Nursing Research, Sixth Edition Rose Marie Nieswiadomy The Research Problem Critical first step Difficult for beginners Expectation of nursing students Gives direction to the study Helps the reader evaluate the research article

6. Copyright ©2012 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. Foundations of Nursing Research, Sixth Edition Rose Marie Nieswiadomy Sources of Nursing Research Problems Personal experiences –Important source –Instances that produced questions Literature sources –Recommendations for further studies

7. Copyright ©2012 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. Foundations of Nursing Research, Sixth Edition Rose Marie Nieswiadomy Sources of Nursing Research Problems Existing theories –Test, review, and validate –Needed in nursing Previous research –Importance of replication studies

8. Copyright ©2012 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. Foundations of Nursing Research, Sixth Edition Rose Marie Nieswiadomy Learning Objective Two Learning Objective Two Determine Factors To Be Considered When Choosing An Appropriate Topic For A Research Study

9. Copyright ©2012 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. Foundations of Nursing Research, Sixth Edition Rose Marie Nieswiadomy Ethical Considerations Ethical laws Professional organizations Institutional review boards

10. Copyright ©2012 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. Foundations of Nursing Research, Sixth Edition Rose Marie Nieswiadomy Significance to Nursing Will clients benefit from the findings? Will health care professionals benefit from the findings? Will the findings add to our nursing body of knowledge? Can nurses use the results?

11. Copyright ©2012 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. Foundations of Nursing Research, Sixth Edition Rose Marie Nieswiadomy Personal Motivation Researcher must be interested in the topic. Study becomes “a treasure hunt.” Results will be rewarding to researcher.

12. Copyright ©2012 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. Foundations of Nursing Research, Sixth Edition Rose Marie Nieswiadomy Researcher Qualifications Advanced educational preparation Undergraduate students encouraged Collaboration among varying skill levels

13. Copyright ©2012 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. Foundations of Nursing Research, Sixth Edition Rose Marie Nieswiadomy Feasibility of Study Helps guide completion for the study Consider the time factor Determine the cost factor Identify equipment and supplies Think about administrative and peer support See if subjects are available

14. Copyright ©2012 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. Foundations of Nursing Research, Sixth Edition Rose Marie Nieswiadomy Learning Objective Three Learning Objective Three List The Criteria To Be Considered When Writing A Research Question

15. Copyright ©2012 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. Foundations of Nursing Research, Sixth Edition Rose Marie Nieswiadomy Research Question Criteria Interrogative sentence form Includes population Includes variable(s) Empirically testable

16. Copyright ©2012 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. Foundations of Nursing Research, Sixth Edition Rose Marie Nieswiadomy Interrogative Sentence Form Not declarative Demands an answer Grammatically correct and complete Understandable and easy to respond to

17. Copyright ©2012 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. Foundations of Nursing Research, Sixth Edition Rose Marie Nieswiadomy Population of the Study Narrow down to main group of interest Not specific study population

18. Copyright ©2012 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. Foundations of Nursing Research, Sixth Edition Rose Marie Nieswiadomy The Variable(s) for the Study Univariate study –One variable –Exploratory in nature Bivariate study –Two variables –Independent variable—cause –Dependent variable—effect –Correlation studies

19. Copyright ©2012 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. Foundations of Nursing Research, Sixth Edition Rose Marie Nieswiadomy The Variable(s) for the Study Multivariate study –More than two variables –Becoming increasingly common –Interaction of the variables

20. Copyright ©2012 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. Foundations of Nursing Research, Sixth Edition Rose Marie Nieswiadomy Empirically Testable Data from sense organs Ethical and value issues not appropriate Avoid cause-and-effect words

21. Copyright ©2012 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. Foundations of Nursing Research, Sixth Edition Rose Marie Nieswiadomy Learning Objective Four Learning Objective Four Discuss The Format For Writing A Research Question

22. Copyright ©2012 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. Foundations of Nursing Research, Sixth Edition Rose Marie Nieswiadomy Correlational and Comparative Research Questions Correlational statement –More than one variable –Independent and dependent variables Comparative statement –Descriptive or experimental study –More than one variable –Independent and dependent variables

23. Copyright ©2012 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. Foundations of Nursing Research, Sixth Edition Rose Marie Nieswiadomy Neutral and Nonpredictive Little knowledge or information Literature search may help in selecting type.

24. Copyright ©2012 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. Foundations of Nursing Research, Sixth Edition Rose Marie Nieswiadomy Learning Objective Five Learning Objective Five Write Research Questions For Proposed Nursing Studies

25. Copyright ©2012 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. Foundations of Nursing Research, Sixth Edition Rose Marie Nieswiadomy Writing Problem Statements Correlational statement format Comparative descriptive format Comparative experimental format Substitute other variables for X and Y.

26. Copyright ©2012 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. Foundations of Nursing Research, Sixth Edition Rose Marie Nieswiadomy Learning Objective Six Learning Objective Six Critique Problem Statements, Purpose Statements, And Research Questions In Published Research Reports And Articles

27. Copyright ©2012 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. Foundations of Nursing Research, Sixth Edition Rose Marie Nieswiadomy Location of Problem Statement The beginning of research article The abstract often includes it. The end of the introductory section

28. Copyright ©2012 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. Foundations of Nursing Research, Sixth Edition Rose Marie Nieswiadomy Questions to Evaluate Problem Statement Is the research problem area clear? Is there a succinct problem statement, purpose statement, or research question? Are the study variables and the population included? Was the study quantitative or qualitative? Were empirical data gathered on the topic of interest?

29. Copyright ©2012 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. Foundations of Nursing Research, Sixth Edition Rose Marie Nieswiadomy Questions to Evaluate Problem Statement Was the study ethical? Is the feasibility of the study evident? Is the significance to nursing apparent?