1. PARTICIPLES AND PARTICIPIAL PHRASE
4/16/2017
PARTICIPLES AND
PARTICIPIAL PHRASE
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2. Participles
A participle is a verb form that can function as an adjective.
Kinds of participle
Kinds
Forms
Examples
Present Participles
Ending in -ing
The losing player got ashamed.
Past Participles
Ending in –ed or other irregular ending
The married couple have jobs.
Perfect participles
Having + Past Participle
Having been + Participle
Having been warned, he never goes out at night.
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3. 4/16/2017
Participles Vs Verbs
A verb shows an action, a condition, or the fact that something exists.
A participle acting as an adjective modifies a noun or a pronoun.
Verbs
Participles
The judge has married a couple.
The bird is singing.
The married couple has one baby now.
The singing bird is cute.
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4. Participial Phrase Complements Direct Objects Indirect Objects
A participial phrase is a participle modified by an adverb, a prepositional phrase, or accompanied by a complement. The entire phrase acts as an adjective.
Complements
NOTE: Not all of complements can be formed to be a participial phrase. Only direct or indirect objects can be formed to be a participial phrase.
Direct Objects
Indirect Objects
Objective Complements
Subjective Complements
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5. Participial Phrase Examples
4/16/2017
Participial Phrase Examples
1. Participle + adverb = Participial Phrases
Soledad speaking quickly is a teacher of English.
2. Participle + prepositional phrase = Participial phrases
The clothes torn into small pieces are lying in the bed.
3. Participle + complement = Participial phrases
Eating dessert everyday, I get fatter and fatter.
A participial phrase
modifies Soledad.
A participial phrase modifies
the clothes.
A participial phrase modifies I
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6. Punctuating Participial Phrases
If a participial phrase begins a sentence, a comma is used after that phrase, before the sentence.
Crying loudly, the boy was canned by his mother.
A comma or commas are used to set off the participial phrase that is not important to the sentence (when a participial phrase modifies a proper noun or noun already identified in a sentence.)
Angkor Wat, build by Khmer architecture, attracts visitors from all over the world.
My youngest sister, not living with me, has a good job.
I met Mr. John Miner, working with me last year. , , , ,
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7. Using Participial Phrases to combine sentences
Participial phrases can be used to combine the information in two sentences into one sentence
I have lost all money. I went home.
 Having lost all money, I went home. OR
 Going home, I have lost all money.
The president shook hands with people. He barely made his way to the car.
 Shaking hand with people, the president barely made his way to the car. OR
 Barely making his way to the car, the president shook hands with people.
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8. Nominative Absolutes
A nominative absolute is a noun or a pronoun followed by a participle or a participial phrase that functions independently of the rest of the sentence.
Nominative absolute can show time, reason, or circumstances.
Time: Three year having passed, I decided to wait for her no longer.
Reason: No body having any more to say, the meeting was closed.
Circumstance: All the money having been spent, we started looking for work.
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9. THE END THANKS FOR YOUR ATTENTIONS!
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