2. 1.What predictions can you make about the people who built this medieval cathedral? 2.What was this building used for? 3. Challenge Question: What is a friar?

3. I can explain the importance of the Medieval Catholic church as a political, intellectual, and aesthetic institution. SPI 7.39 Explain the importance of the Catholic church as a political, intellectual, and aesthetic institution, including founding of universities, political and spiritual roles of the clergy, creation of monastic and mendicant religious orders, preservation of the Latin language and religious texts, Thomas Aquinas’s synthesis of classical philosophy with Christian theology and the concept of “natural law.”

4. For most Western European people, the Church was the center of their lives The bishop of Rome (now called the Pope) was the spiritual authority over European Christians

5. The Catholic Church taught that all people were sinners and dependent on God’s grace to go to heaven The only way to get this was by taking part in the sacraments (church rituals) that were controlled by the Church

7. The communion (Lord’s supper) commemorated Jesus’ death and sacrifice of dying on the cross to save people from their sin Communion is taken at the Catholic ritual weekly service known as Mass

8. The Mass was said in Latin, a language few people understood Few could read or write and very few actually read the Bible For common people, the services were very hard to understand

9. Pope in Rome Archbishops (regions) Bishops (major cities) Priests (manors and villages) Monks and nuns (monasteries) –Religious community

10. Monasteries are like churches where monks live. A monk lives a life of service to God A monks life includes work, meditation, and prayer

11. Monks dressed in simple robes of coarse material. Most monasteries required vows of prayer and silence. Women could do the same in convents, but focused on spinning, weaving, and medicinal herbs.

12. Although monks and nuns lived apart from society, they were important in society. They taught reading and writing, preserved and copied religious texts, and ran hospitals for the needy. In 597, the Pope Gregory I sent monks to England to convert the Anglo-Saxons.

13. By the mid-1000’s, most of Western Europe was Catholic. The Church had its own courts and laws. They could keep people out of heaven by preventing them from receiving the sacraments. The Church received donations of land from kings who wanted to ensure salvation. The church owned 1/3 of all land in Europe.

15. By 900 AD, many Christians were calling for Church reform. This began in Monasteries. One of the most important changes occurred in 1059. The Church said that political leaders could no longer participate in the election of the Pope. “Cardinals” would now elect the Pope, rather than secular (non-church) authorities.

16. In 1215, Pope Innocent III tried to reform the Church. He convened a council that condemned drunkenness, feasting, and dancing among Church officials. To seek out and punish heretics, the Church set up a court in 1232 known as the Inquisition. Sponsored by Budweiser

17. Friars who were wandering preachers that encouraged further reform in the 1200s. They followed monastic rules but lived among common people to preach.

18. 10 minutes End

19. Medieval Catholic Church Quiz 1) Who is the leader of the Catholic Church? A. King of France B. King of England C. Holy Roman Emperor D. Pope 2) True or False: During the Middle Ages the Catholic Church was rich and powerful. A. TRUE B. FALSE 3) How did the church become so wealthy? A. Through tithes from the people B. Paying of penances C. Paying of sacraments D. All of the above 4) Cathedrals were usually designed in what shape? A. Star B. Cross C. Diamond D. Circle 5) A cathedral was the headquarters of this church leader? A. Priest B. Abbot C. Bishop D. Monk E. Nun

20. Medieval Catholic Church Quiz 6) True or False: Cathedrals during the Middle Ages were built rapidly and with little regard to quality. A. TRUE B. FALSE 7) What did Gothic architecture allow for in cathedrals? A. Thinner walls B. Taller walls C. Tall windows on the walls D. All of the above E. None of the above 8) Who was usually the first person to be converted to Christianity in a country? A. A farmer B. The bishop C. A knight D. The queen E. The king 9) What is the main body of a cathedral called? A. Nave B. Transept C. Altar D. Apex E. Narthex 10) True or False: The Jews played an important role in the economy of Europe during the Middle Ages. A. TRUE B. FALSE

21. 1.What is Catholic Mass? 2.What is the name of the building monks live in? 3.List 1 example of power that the Catholic Church had. 4.Name 1 of the Catholic reform movements.