1. 13 – 3 Curved Mirrors

2. Spherical Mirror A section of a sphere R = radius C= center of curvature F = Focal point f = focal length A = vertex f = ½ R

3. Concave Mirror Inwardly curved surface Converges incoming parallel rays of light f and R are ( + )

4. Real and virtual images A real image is formed when rays of light intersect at a single point. Can be projected onto a screen. A virtual image is formed by light rays that only appear to intersect.

5. Images formed by concave mirrors Position of objectPosition of imageCharacter of image At ∞ At FReal, zero size Between ∞ and C Between F and C Real, inverted, diminished At C Real, inverted, same size Between C and F Between C and ∞ Real, inverted, magnified At F At ∞ Between F and V From - ∞ to V Virtual, upright, magnified At V Virtual, upright, same size

6. Convex Mirror Outwardly curved mirrored surface Diverges incoming parallel light rays f and R are ( - )

7. Position of object Position of image Character of image At ∞ At FVirtual, zero size Between ∞ and V Between F and V Virtual, upright, diminished At V Virtual, upright, same size Images formed by convex mirrors

8. Mirror Equation f = focal length d o = object distance d i = image distance Object and image distances are positive if measured from the front side of the mirror, negative if measured from the “back” side

9. Magnification M = magnification h i = image height h o = object height upright images + M inverted images - M

10. Drawing Ray Diagrams RayIncident line drawn from object to mirror Reflected line drawn from mirror to image 1 parallel to axisthrough focal point 2 parallel to axis 3 through center of curvature back along itself

11. Spherical Aberration Occurs when incident rays far from the principal axis converge away from the focal point. Produces a blurred image. Can be eliminated by using a parabolic mirror.

12. 13-4: Color

13. White light is made up of all the colors of the rainbow

14. The primary colors of light are red, blue and green By mixing colors of light you are adding light energy in different ranges of the visible spectrum. They can add to produce all other colors Light Addition

16. Pigments – color subtraction The primary pigments are cyan, magenta and yellow. if you overlap all three, all the light is subtracted giving black.

19. Ways light and matter interact: Emission Absorption Transmission Reflection Scattering

20. Emission A heated solid, liquid or gas emits light

21. Transmission & Absorption A transparent object allows light to pass through it or transmits light An opaque object absorbs light

22. The color of an object depends on the color (s) of light it reflects.

23. Interactions between light and matter determine the appearance of everything around us