1. Chapter 5 Electrons In Atoms 5.1 Revising the Atomic Model
5.2 Electron Arrangement in Atoms
5.3 Atomic Emission Spectra and
the Quantum Mechanical Model
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2. What did Bohr propose in his model of the atom?
Energy Levels in Atoms
Energy Levels in Atoms
What did Bohr propose in his model of the atom?
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3. Limitations of Rutherford’s Atomic Model
Energy Levels in Atoms
Limitations of Rutherford’s Atomic Model
It explained only a few simple properties of atoms.
It could not explain the chemical properties of elements.
For example, Rutherford’s model could not explain why an object such as the iron scroll shown here first glows dull red, then yellow, and then white when heated to higher and higher temperatures.
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4. Energy Levels in Atoms
The Bohr Model
In 1913, Niels Bohr, a young Danish physicist and a student of Rutherford, developed a new atomic model.
Bohr proposed that an electron is found only in specific circular paths, or orbits, around the nucleus.
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5. Each possible electron orbit in Bohr’s model has a fixed energy.
Energy Levels in Atoms
The Bohr Model
Each possible electron orbit in Bohr’s model has a fixed energy.
The fixed energies an electron can have are called energy levels.
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6. Energy Levels in Atoms
The Bohr Model
The rungs on this ladder are somewhat like the energy levels in Bohr’s model of the atom.
A person on a ladder cannot stand between the rungs. Similarly, the electrons in an atom cannot exist between energy levels.
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7. Energy Levels in Atoms
The Bohr Model
The rungs on this ladder are somewhat like the energy levels in Bohr’s model of the atom.
The energy levels in atoms are unequally spaced, like the rungs in this unusual ladder. The higher energy levels are closer together.
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8. The Quantum Mechanical Model
We now know that electrons aren’t on rings but can be found within a certain volume of space surrounding the nucleus. This can be represented as a fuzzy cloudlike region.
The cloud is more dense where the probability of finding the electron is high.
Electron cloud
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9. How do sublevels of principal energy levels differ?
Atomic Orbitals
Atomic Orbitals
How do sublevels of principal energy levels differ?
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10. Different atomic orbitals are denoted by letters.
The s orbitals are spherical.
The p orbitals are dumbbell-shaped.
The d orbitals are flower shaped
The f orbitals are asterix shaped
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11. Atomic Orbitals
Different atomic orbitals are denoted by letters and the size is dependent on the energy level
Kinetic Art 5.1
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12. END OF 5.1
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