1. Key Terms: Venator/venatores Missio Venatio/venationes bestiarius/bestiarii Telegonii Taurocentae Ludus Matutinus

2. 197 BCE – ostriches seen in Rome 186 BCE – Marcus Fulvius Nobilior’s staged hunt 169 BCE – 1 st recorded animal hunt as part of the annual games

3. Zliten Mosaic showing the full day of games (Libya c. 200 CE)

4. Mosaic from Zliten, Libya, 200 CE

5. Killing Ostriches on the Zliten Mosaic

6. Safety Measures – The Roman Colosseum

7. Stadium at Aphrodisias

8. System used in the stadium of Aphrodisias

9. Trap doors for animals (Oudna, Tunisia)

10. Reconstruction of the mechanisms used to lift animals to the arena floor of the Colosseum

11. Lead weights and travertine pillar used to lift animals to the Colosseum floor

12. Underground tunnels of the amphitheatre in Puteoli, Italy, with cages for wild animals and openings for trap doors

13. Animal Catalogue from the House of the Ostriches, Sousse Animal Catalogue, Radès

14. Venatores fighting animals

15. Neaterius, venator, victor over 3 bears (House of the Ostriches, Sousse, 3 rd century CE) – note leather gloves

16. Mosaic showing animals fighting (Sousse, Tunisia, 3 rd century CE)

17. Just in case you think it’s all about killing animals in mosaics: mosaic of all four factions with the names of the horses, along with their (unnamed) trainers (Sousse, Tunisia; 3 rd century CE)

18. Cicero and Cilician panthers

19. Mosaic of Magerius from Smirat, 3 rd century

20. Escalations 58 BCE: Scaurus 55 BCE: Pompey the Great 46 BCE: Julius Caesar 13 BCE: Augustus 2 CE: Augustus 12 CE: Augustus c. 39 CE Caligula 80 CE: Titus 107 CE: Trajan

21. Pompey’s Elephants

22. Mosaic from Smirat, Tunisia, to commemorate the venatio of Magerius (3 rd century CE)

23. Telegenii (Mosaic from Thysdrus/El Djem/Jem)

24. Mosaic showing beast hunts (3 rd century CE, Thysdrus (El Djem), Tunisia)

25. Interior of the El Djem amphitheatre, Tunisia