1. 1 The Evolution of Engines Maki Saito Tozai University School of Engineering Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering maki@tozai.ac.jp

2. 2 Introduction Modern engines have become more powerful and more efficient. ー How is this possible?

3. 3 1. Intercooler Cooler air means greater the expansion. The greater the expansion, the greater the power.

4. 4 2. Turbochargers The more fuel, the more powerful the engine.

5. 5 3. More intake valves The more intake valves, the more efficient the engine.

6. 6 4. More exhaust valves The more exhaust valves, the more efficient the engine.

7. 7 5. Higher compression The higher the compression, the greater the power.

8. 8 Conclusion We will continue to fine-tune the old and reliable engine design.