1. Federal Department of Home Affairs FDHA Federal Office of Meteorology and Climatology MeteoSwiss OSCAR? OSCAR! Jörg Klausen, Jürg Mannes, Lucia Cappelletti, Bertrand Calpini, Marc Musa, Martin Brändli, Lars Koppa, Sascha Spreitzer, Christian Walder, Estelle Grüter, Marc Leutenegger, Stefan Sandmeier, Martin Schäfer, Alex Rubli, … MeteoSwiss Nassos Michas, Christina Kaskoura, Martin Ulmann, Lia Christou, … European Dynamics Etienne Charpentier, Timo Pröscholdt, Wenjian Zhang, Lars Peter Riishojgaard, Dean Lockett, Tim Oakley, Jerôme Lafeuille, … WMO Presidents of Technical Commissions | 29-31 January 2015, WMO Geneva J. Klausen, B. Calpini, and project teams

2. 2 Presidents of Technical Commissions | 29-31 January 2015, WMO Geneva J. Klausen, B. Calpini, and project teams Overview Rationale OSCAR Basics Project Status Outlook for Cg-17

3. 3 Presidents of Technical Commissions | 29-31 January 2015, WMO Geneva J. Klausen, B. Calpini, and project teams Data or Metadata? Position of aircraft making AMDAR observations Surface pressure observation used for GPS IWV inversion Total ozone data used to calibrate radio sonde observation One man’s data are another man’s metadata Data and metadata must hold on to each other! One man’s data are another man’s metadata Data and metadata must hold on to each other!

4. 4 Presidents of Technical Commissions | 29-31 January 2015, WMO Geneva J. Klausen, B. Calpini, and project teams “We cannot manage what we cannot measure” Jim Butler, NOAA (CAS-XVI)  Numerical weather forecasting  Aeronautical meteorology  Disaster risk reduction  Agriculture  Climate applications  Air quality and health  Sand and dust storms  Glacier melting and sea level rise  … Rationale 1: Discovery and Access … All need observations, discoverable and accessible

5. 5 Presidents of Technical Commissions | 29-31 January 2015, WMO Geneva J. Klausen, B. Calpini, and project teams “The details and history of local conditions, instruments, operating procedures, data processing algorithms and other factors pertinent to interpreting data (i.e., metadata) should be documented and treated with the same care as the data themselves.” GCOS Monitoring Principle #3, 1999 Rationale 2: Interpretation

6. 6 Presidents of Technical Commissions | 29-31 January 2015, WMO Geneva J. Klausen, B. Calpini, and project teams OSCAR «Recipe»: Ingredients 1.A vision (WIGOS IP) 2.A task team (TT-WMD) 3.An international organization (WMO) 4.A national weather service (MeteoSwiss) 5.An ICT partner (European Dynamics) 6.Lots of money 7.Time Mix well and let stew to form a team with common understanding of scope and objectives … You may need to ask for more along the way … If you’re short on that one … just work harder

7. 7 Presidents of Technical Commissions | 29-31 January 2015, WMO Geneva J. Klausen, B. Calpini, and project teams OSCAR Metadata & Analysis of Observing Systems Requirements (Gap) Analysis Capabilities Societal Impact Improved services for society Guidance for Action OSCAR «Recipe»: Instructions 1.Develop standard for WIGOS metadata  WMDS 2.Build Application for registration and management of metadata incl. machine-to-machine interfaces to external metadata sources 3.Build a module to translate observation metadata into  «Capabilities» 4.Integrate an (existing) application to specify and manage  «Requirements» 5.Build an application to compare the two  (Gap) Analysis 6.Use the results of your analysis 7.Repeat regularly  RRR

8. 8 Presidents of Technical Commissions | 29-31 January 2015, WMO Geneva J. Klausen, B. Calpini, and project teams Current Project Status Specification of WMDS just about final WMDS reference tables not final Setup of OSCAR environment at MeteoSwiss ongoing Representation of «Capabilities» Fixed in-situpossible Fixed in-situ profilers (e.g., radio sondes, aircraft) in principal, yes Ground-based remote-sensing (radars)model lacking Slow-moving in-situ (e.g., buoys, ships)possible Fast-moving in-situ (aircraft in-flight)in principal, yes Representation of «Requirements» specification ongoing Integration of external sources under development (Gap) analysis approach known

9. 9 Presidents of Technical Commissions | 29-31 January 2015, WMO Geneva J. Klausen, B. Calpini, and project teams Metadata management

10. 10 Presidents of Technical Commissions | 29-31 January 2015, WMO Geneva J. Klausen, B. Calpini, and project teams Integration of data sources (I) Vol A Mapping mostly understood  «synoptic» will be translated into individual observations  «ObsRemarks» will be partially considered Integration of existing database (one-time integration) Management by users through UI Batch upload as.CSV and.XML files will be supported GAWSIS Migration of existing database (one-time integration) Management by users through UI Integration of WOUDC, WDCGG, WDCA, WRDC, EMEP metadata (weekly)

11. 11 Presidents of Technical Commissions | 29-31 January 2015, WMO Geneva J. Klausen, B. Calpini, and project teams Integration of data sources (II) JCOMMOPS Exchange agreed in principle, mapping understood Waiting for sample (meta)data set and agreement on exchange mechanism AMDAR Mapping understood  in-flight as gridded field of capabilities per fleet  profiles (ascent/descent) as «virtual» fixed profilers of specific fleet at airport (Meta)data sources not yet identified, no sample (meta)data WMO Radar DB Under investigation Regular integration planned

12. 12 Presidents of Technical Commissions | 29-31 January 2015, WMO Geneva J. Klausen, B. Calpini, and project teams Representation of capabilities Capabilities stored as tuples of Observed variable {X, Y, Z}(t) Observed from date Observed until date Uncertainty absolute Observing cycle (including diurnal, seasonal availability) Reporting latency Observation geometries such as profiles, lines or volumes need to be translated into such tuples specific method depends on available metadata, type of observation (e.g., radio sonde, aircraft inflight, radar)

13. 13 Presidents of Technical Commissions | 29-31 January 2015, WMO Geneva J. Klausen, B. Calpini, and project teams Expressing Capabilities of remote-sensing instruments Radar example

14. 14 Presidents of Technical Commissions | 29-31 January 2015, WMO Geneva J. Klausen, B. Calpini, and project teams (Gap) analysis (I) Scope Compare capabilities with requirements on global, regional, and national scales Purpose Know where gaps are Develop observing systems rationally and efficiently Discover capabilities that could serve a specific application Variable Application area Horzontal coverage Vertical Layer

15. 15 Presidents of Technical Commissions | 29-31 January 2015, WMO Geneva J. Klausen, B. Calpini, and project teams 1. Users selects desired variable, application area, layer 2. User selects analysis area 3. System selects observation capabilities (points) satisfying criteria in steps 1-2 a 11 a 12 a 13 a 21 a.. a 31 a..a ij a1 a2 5. System compares for each grid cell or shape file capabilities with observational requirements and displays results. 4. System calculates observation capabilities for each grid cell or shape file: HR i =(a ij /n.of observations) 1/2 or other statistic VR i = vertical extent of layer/n. of observations Shape files: example warning regions Regular grid OR Example: -layer yi -Variable x -Application area z Capability from radar Capability from SwissMetNet station Results: (Gap) analysis (II)

16. 16 Presidents of Technical Commissions | 29-31 January 2015, WMO Geneva J. Klausen, B. Calpini, and project teams Outlook Cg-17: Tool (subject to project progress) OSCAR demo version enabling user-registration, registration / management of observation metadata Vol A imported (snapshot), editable JCOMMOPS imported (snapshot), non-editable AMDAR in-flight imported (snapshot), non-editable WMO Radar DB imported (snapshot), non-editable GAWSIS release v1.0 (pre-operational) enabling user-registration, registration / management of observation metadata Automated integration of metadata from GAW WDCs, EMEP, BSRN (?)

17. 17 Presidents of Technical Commissions | 29-31 January 2015, WMO Geneva J. Klausen, B. Calpini, and project teams Outlook Cg-17: Outreach OSCAR side event 29 May 2015 17:35 – 18:15, CICG 1 presentation on need for OSCAR by high-ranking stakeholder 1 presentation on capabilities of OSCAR OSCAR «café» for 1-2 weeks with Posters Brochure Video tutorial 3 laptops, connected to internet, attended 29 – 31 May Water fountain?, Nespresso?

18. 18 Presidents of Technical Commissions | 29-31 January 2015, WMO Geneva J. Klausen, B. Calpini, and project teams Thank you for your attention! Photo: Daniel Gerstgrasser