1. Career coaching – what skills do I need? Dr Joan Reid www.coachassociates.co.uk

2. My background Who am I? – coach: career, leadership and management development Recent doctorate – medical careers and coaching Educator of medical career supporters – previously course leader for a MA/diploma/certificate What I bring: understanding of career theory and knowledge of how career provider/supporters are educated Acknowledge what you bring – careers expertise and knowledge

3. What is a career? ‘A process of development of the employee along a path of experience and jobs in one or more organisations’ Baruch and Rosenstein (1992) ‘The sequence of employment related positions, roles, activities and experiences encountered by a person’ Arnold (1997)

4. What is coaching? ‘a human development process that involves structured, focused interaction and the use of appropriate strategies, tools and techniques to promote desirable and sustainable change for the benefit of the client and potentially for other stakeholders’ Bachkirova et al. (2010)

5. What is career coaching? ‘ a facilitated learning and development process which supports clients to focus on their career/job related issues and dilemmas’ Joan Reid 2013

6. Current career challenges For individuals in organisations – who is responsible for a person’s career? Shift from the organisation to the individual The world of work is changing Notion of the ‘boundaryless’ career (Arnold, 2011) Portfolio careers and ‘encore’ careers Focus on employability (particularly for young people) - http://www.coachassociates.co.uk/blog-post-3/http://www.coachassociates.co.uk/blog-post-3/

7. What career issues my clients bring to coaching How can I develop my career – next career move, promotion, team leadership I need to re-assess my career/change career direction - perhaps as a result of redundancy I need help to get a job – job search, recruitment and selection process: application forms, CVs and interview preparation/skills And I encourage clients to develop career management and employability skills

8. My doctoral research Medical careers and coaching – how does coaching support doctors to make career choices? Case study Coaches and previous clients Free association narrative based interviews and a qualitative questionnaire Highlight some key themes from my research

9. Outcomes from coaching Self-changeSelf-developmentSelf-reflection Face the present with confidence Process of self discoveryStarted reflecting Focus on things good atGet clarity Go away and think it through Re-adjusted my focusBuild my own respectArticulate my fears Made my own decision Develop career management skills Got my head straight now Make conscious choices Improved my communication skills Considered my life purpose Took ownershipSet up my own network

10. Skills pyramid from Ali and Graham (1996) Interpretative Skills Understanding Skills More Influence Strengthen Empathy Active Listening Skills

11. Active listening skills Observing the client’s behaviour Listening to the client’s words Listening to the adviser’s feelings Listening to silence When to break a silence Listening – what the client hears Coaching skills Body language Listening to the client’s story Listening to the coach Silence

12. Understanding skills Restating Paraphrasing Summarising Questioning Coaching skills Testing understanding Summarising Asking questions

13. Interpretative skills Challenging Being specific Self-disclosure Immediacy Effective provision of information Coaching skills Challenging Self-disclosure Immediacy

14. Additional coaching skills Acknowledgement – more than a compliment. Coaching in the moment – being present with your client, holding their agenda, using your intuition and letting your client lead. Metaphor – using metaphor to help illustrate a point. Lakoff (1993) calls metaphor a “major and indispensable part of our ordinary, conventional way of conceptualising the world”. Reframing – providing a client with another perspective. Source: Whitworth et al (1998)

15. Coaches and career professionals Similarities Contracting including setting out how work together and confidentiality Coach’s underpinning skills, e.g. listening, questioning, challenging, curiosity and values Outcomes/goals set by the client Use of resources, etc. Credibility and competence of the practitioner including accreditation Differences Underpinning theories Careers information, advice, guidance and education Trends in careers and national educational policies Referral pathways Coaching “genre” Whose agenda is it? – the interplay between the individual and the organisation Role of expertise - who is the expert? Knowledge of the context

16. Thoughts for your own professional development Which skills do you already have and use? What skills would you like to develop? How might you develop additional skills? Knowledge and expertise (careers and coaching process) – where does it lie in your work? Is it where you want it to be?

17. Thank you www.coachassociates.co.ukwww.coachassociates.co.uk and joan@coachassociates.co.ukjoan@coachassociates.co.uk

18. References Ali, L. and Graham, B. (1996) The counselling approach to career guidance. London: Routledge, an imprint of Taylor and Francis Books Limited. Arnold, J. (1997). Managing careers into the 21st century. London: Chapman. Arnold J. (2011) Career concepts in the 21st century. The Psychologist, 24, 106-109. Bachkirova, T., Cox, E. and Clutterbuck, D. (2010). Introduction. In: Cox, E., Bachkirova, T. and Clutterbuck, D. (eds.) The complete handbook of coaching. London: Sage Publications, pp.1-20. Baruch, Y. and Rosenstein, E. (1992). Human resource management in Israeli firms: planning and managing careers in high-technology organizations. The International Journal of Human Resource Management 3 (3), pp.477-495. Lakoff, G. 1993. The contemporary theory of metaphor. In: ORTONY, A. (ed.) Metaphor and thought. Reid, J. (2012). Medical Careers and Coaching - an Exploratory Study. International Journal of Evidence Based Coaching and Mentoring, Special issue No. 6, 146-165. Reid, J. (2013) The Use of Metaphors in Career Coaching of Medical Doctors. International Journal of Mentoring and Coaching, XI, 11. Whitworth et al. (1998) Co-active coaching: new skills for coaching people towards success in work and life. Mountain View: Davies-Black Publishing