2. PAKISTAN’S TRANS-BOUNDARY
RIVERS
WITH AFGHANISTAN by
Syed Jamait Ali Shah at
LEADS, Islamabad on
( )

3. TOTAL CULTIVATED LAND IN AFGHANISTAN
Irrigated
67%
Rainfed
33%
Total Area: 3,900,000 ha
Area of Afghanistan : 64,750,000 ha

4. COMMON RIVERS WITH AFGHANISTAN IN NWFP

5. COMMON RIVERS WITH AFGHANISTAN IN BALOCHISTAN

6. COMMON RIVERS WITH AFGHANISTAN AVERAGE ANNUAL INFLOWS (MAF)
MAIN RIVERS
MAJOR TRIBUTARIES
AVERAGE ANNUAL INFLOWS (MAF)
NWFP
Kabul
Chitral/Konar
16.44
Kurram
Kaitu & Tochi
0.89
Gomal
Zhob & Kandar
0.79
BALOCHISTAN
Abdul Wahab Stream
Turwa
0.0039
Kandar
Nagandi Oba, Ashiwat
0.0212
Kand
Kadanai
Tashrabad, Aghbergai, Hasna Zemal, Maran, Warjaroba
0.0058
Pishin Lora/ Bore Nallah
0.095
Kaisar
Gori
0.0175
Total:
18.266

7. ANNUAL AVERAGE CONTRIBUTION
River
Province
Inflows (MAF)
Contribution from Afghanistan
Contribution from Pakistan Area
Remarks
Kabul
NWFP
16.44
8.19 (Kabul & Kunar)
8.25 (Chitral)
River Chitral enters into Afghanistan at Arandu
Kurram, Kaitu & Tochi
.89 -
Gomal
.79
Kandar & Abdul Wahab
Balochistan
0.0233
0.0022
0.0211
Abdul Wahab originates in Afghanistan (>95% rainfed), Kandar originates in Pakistan (>93% rainfed)
Kand
Originates in Pakistan and enters into Afghanistan (>95% rainfed)
Kadnai
0.0212
Originates in Pakistan and enters into Afghanistan (>90% rainfed)
Pishin Lora
0.095
0.064
0.159
Enters into Afghanistan and comes back (>90% rainfed)
Kaisar
0.0039
0.0001
0.0038
Originates in Afghanistan and enters into Pakistan (>95% rainfed)
TOTAL:
18.266

8. THROUGH VARIOUS SOURCES REGARDING DEVELOPMENT ON
INFORMATION OBTAINED
THROUGH VARIOUS SOURCES
REGARDING DEVELOPMENT ON
KABUL RIVER BASIN

9. PROJECTS IN AFGHANISTAN
OTHER PROJECTS.
NAME
RIVER
Nangarhar
Kabul
Istalif
Asadabad
Kunar
Amir Ghazi
Qargha
Shahtoot
Wardak
Haijan
Gulbahar
Pul-i-Khumri

10. PROJECTS ON RIVER KABUL BY AFGHANISTAN
NAME OF THE PROJECT
STATUS
BRIEF DESCRIPTION
STORAGE (MAF)
HEAD (M)
CAPACITY (MW)
Kama Irrigation Project
Proposed 45
0.445
Shardeh-Ghorband Irrigation-cum-Micro Hydroelectric Power Scheme -
600 kW
0.28
Nangarhar Development Project
Parwan Irrigation and Hydroelectric Project
Gatt Reservoir
Darunta
Existing 12
11.5
Sarobi 56
222
Naghlu 76
100
0.3
Mahipar
345 66
Maidan Shahr

11. PROJECTS ON RIVER KABUL BY AFGHANISTAN
NAME OF THE PROJECT
STATUS
BRIEF DESCRIPTION
STORAGE (MAF)
HEAD (M)
CAPACITY (MW)
Istalif Hydroelectric Power Plant
Existing -
0.2
Asadabad Hydroelectric Plant
2 x 350 kW
Dasht-e-Ghamberi Canal or Aab-e-Marwareed Canal
U/C
Zurmat Dam
Under Reh.
Amir Ghazi
Qargha Plant
Pul-i-Khumri

12. PROJECTS ON RIVER KABUL BY AFGHANISTAN
NAME OF THE PROJECT
STATUS
BRIEF DESCRIPTION
STORAGE (MAF)
HEAD (M)
CAPACITY (MW)
Haijan Storage Dam -
Gulbahar Storage Dam
Zadrano Dam
Machalgho Dam
Shahtoot Dam
Mangallo Dam

13. EFFECT OF KAMA PROJECT : (1) Location Diversion Dam on Konar River
13 K.M from Kabul
(2)
Storage Capacity
445,000 AF
(3)
Power Generation
45 MW
(4)
Total Diversion
(A)
313,200 AF (386.3 MCM) per year
(B)
425 Cusec (12 m3/sec)
(5)
Reduction of inflow at Warsak
5-8%
(6)
Reduction of power generation at Warsak
11%
(7)
Area proposed to be irrigated
28,740 Acre

14. OVERALL DEVELOPMENT OF KABUL RIVER BASIN
OBJECTIVES
EXPECTED RESULTS
INDICATORS
Development Plan 1.
In % of water comes from large works
Implementation Plan 2.
Plans and designs prepared for investments in water resources infrastructure
Acreage of land to be irrigated from rehabilitated and new works
Number of plans approved by MoF
Management Plan
Water resources are managed economically and equitably for proper drinking water supply, environmental protection and improved land productivity
Number of sites that meet technical standards
Percentage of sites where 90% of tail-enders receive enough water on time 3.
Number of upper-catchment protection programs 4.
Number of sites reserved as suitable drinking water resource
Source: NORPLAN 2004

15. AVAILABLE INFORMATION ABOUT
KABUL BASIN AND
OTHER COMMON
RIVER PROJECTS

16. PROJECTS IN AFGHANISTAN
Sr. #
Project Title
River Basin
Brief Description of Project
Common/ Non-Common 1.
Darunta Dam
Kabul River
Project is located near Jalalabad.
Dam has capacity of 11.5 MW.
Initial construction work commenced in 1960 with technical and financial assistance of USSR and was completed in 1962.
World Bank has now pledged US$ 50 million for renovation.
Renovation contract was given to German Company “Siemens”.
Common (Pakistan Border) 2.
Sarobi Dam
The dam has capacity of 222 MW Power generation.
World Bank had pledged US$ 50 million for renovation.
Contract was awarded to Siemens. 3.
Naghlu Dam
Project is located in the west of Kabul and has storage capacity of 304,000 AF.
The generation capacity is 100 MW.
The dam is 361 feet high and 919 feet long.
Initial construction was completed in 1960.The out of order turbine is being repaired by Chinese Company “M/s. Sino Hydro”.
World Bank had allocated US$ 35 million for repair/renovation of this project.

17. PROJECTS IN AFGHANISTAN
Sr. #
Project Title
River Basin
Brief Description of Project
Common/ Non-Common 4.
Shardeh Ghorband Irrigation –cum-Micro Hydroelectric Power Scheme
Kabul River
The dam is located near Kabul and irrigates 1,126 Ha of land with power generation of 600 KW.
Common (Pakistan Border) 5.
Mahipar Dam
The dam is located near Kabul.
It has capacity of 66 MW.
Rehabilitation had been undertaken by German firm “Siemens”. 6.
Nangarhar Development Project
The project was started in 1964 with Russian assistance.
It irrigates Ha of land. 7.
Maidan Shahr
Information is being sought. 8.
Istalif Hydroelectric Power Plant
The plant is located 55 km north of Kabul.
The power generation capacity of the plant is 200 kW.
It was completed with the help of Korea-Water in 2006 and Korea-Water also provided operation and management for the facility and the associated electric works for one year.
Common (Pakistan Border)

18. PROJECTS IN AFGHANISTAN
Sr. #
Project Title
River Basin
Brief Description of Project
Common/ Non-Common 9.
Amir Ghazi Project
Kabul River
The plant is located near Jalalabad.
Common (Pakistan Border)
10.
Qargha Plant
11.
Haijan Storage Dam -
12.
Gulbahar Storage Dam
13.
Pul-i-Khumari

19. PROJECTS IN AFGHANISTAN
Sr. #
Project Title
River Basin
Brief Description of Project
Common/ Non-Common
14.
Dasht-e-Ghamberi
Canal OR
Aab-e-Marwareed Canal
Kunar River
The canal starts from Zari Baba and goes to Salampur in Khewa District of Nangarhar Province to irrigate Gambiri Dag in Laghman/Nangarhar Province.
The canal will use 3,000 liters per second from Kunar River.
Approx 10% of Kunar River will be diverted through canal.
Because the inflow of Kabul River is receding every year due to drought in Afghanistan, during the last few years. The surplus water of canal will be stored in Darunta Dam.
Remaining part of the project has been reported to be financed by India.
Financial and technical aspects have been studied with estimated cost of US$ 1.2 million.
The project was started by PMS. (a Japanese NGO)
18 Km out of 26 Km was completed with a cost of US$ 3 million.
Common (Pakistan Border)

20. PROJECTS IN AFGHANISTAN
Sr. #
Project Title
River Basin
Brief Description of Project
Common/ Non-Common
15.
Kama Water and Power Project
Kunar River
Project is located on River Kunar in Nangarhar Province.
It will irrigate about 12,000 Ha of land and will produce 45 MW of electricity.
Feasibility study of the project was completed in 1975.
Recently an amount of US$ 2.4 Million has been allocated for this project.
Another report reflects that Afghan Government has finalized a contract with Indian Government for construction of Dam in area Kama on Junction of Kabul, Panjshar and Kunar Rivers with a cost of US$ 24 million. However, Foreign Office reports that no such activity was at the envil.
Common (Pakistan Border)
16.
Asadabad Hydroelectric Power Plant
The power generation capacity of the plant is 2 X 350 kW.
The plant was built with German assistant.
Only one of the sets is in operation.
The plant was completed in 1983.
Common (Pakistan Border)

21. PROJECTS IN AFGHANISTAN
Sr. #
Project Title
River Basin
Brief Description of Project
Common/ Non-Common
17.
Parwan Irrigation and Hydroelectric Project
Panjsher River
The projected is located 600m below confluence of Shuttal and Panjsher Rivers.
It irrigates 24,800 Ha of land in Parwan Province
2000 KW/hr has already been completed in 1973.
Common (Pakistan Border)
18.
Gatt Reservoir
Logar River
It is located on Logar River in Kabul Province and irrigates 10,000 Ha of land.
It is also intended for provision of potable water to Kabul City and also for raising of under ground water table.
Negotiations were also underway with JICA for assistance.
19.
Mangallo Dam
Kurram River
The dam is located in Paktia.
Its reservoir is spread over area of 20,000 square meters.
It does not produce electricity despite having capacity to produce sizeable quantum.
20.
Zurmat Dam
Its reservoir is spread over area of 8,000 square meter.
Currently, its repair was done/undertaken by Afghan Ministry of Water and Energy.

22. PROJECTS IN AFGHANISTAN
Sr. #
Project Title
River Basin
Brief Description of Project
Common/ Non-Common
21.
Zadrano Dam
Kurram River
The dam is located in Paktia. Further information is being sought.
Common (Pakistan Border)
22.
Machalgho Dam
The dam is located in Paktia.
The water released from this dam flows toward Kurram Agency is Pakistan.
Its reservoir is spread over 15,000 square meters.
PRT (?) at Gardaz was working on dam.
23.
Shahtoot Dam
Wardak River
The plant is located in Wardak Province on Wardak River, which is a tributary of Kabul River.
Common (Pakistan Border)
24.
Bore Nala (Lora Pishin)
Pishin Lora
The dam located on Spin Tangi in Shorwak area of Kandhar Province.

23. EXISTING AND PLANNED USAGES BY AFGHANISTAN THROUGH COMMON RIVERS
Existing = 1 MAF
Planned = 4 MAF
Total Water Resources Development Potential by Afghanistan is estimated to about 5 MAF.

24. USES IN PAKISTAN

25. * All the waters of common rivers are committed for use in Pakistan
USES* IN NWFP
RIVERS
Usage
Present (MAF)
Planned (MAF)
Total (MAF)
Kabul (Warsak Dam)
1.598
0.942
2.54
Chitral
0.214
1.048
1.262
Kurram (Khurlarchi)
1.087
0.572
1.659
Kaitu (Spinwam/Tochi) (Bannu Miran Shah Road)
0.151
0.270
0.421
Gomal
0.79
0.892
1.682
TOTAL
3.84
3.724
7.564
* All the waters of common rivers are committed for use in Pakistan

26. PROJECTS BY PAKISTAN IN NWFP
SALIENT FEATURES
STATUS
POWER GENERATION
(MW)
GROSS STORAGE
(MAF)
Gomal Zam Dam Project
17.4
Live = 0.892
Dead = 0.248
Under Construction
Kurram Tangi Dam Project 53
Live = 0.614
Dead = 0.300
Approved Govt. of Pakistan
Mir Khani Dam Project
150
Total = 0.580
Pre-feasibility study yet to be undertaken

27. LOCATION OF ONGOING/PROPOSED PROJECTS
COMMON RIVERS WITH AFGHANISTAN
LOCATION OF ONGOING/PROPOSED PROJECTS

28. USES IN BALOCHISTAN RIVERS USAGE PRESENT (MAF) PLANNED (MAF)
TOTAL (MAF)
Pishin Lora
0.043
0.039
0.082
Abdul Wahab
0.0022
0.0029
0.0051
Kadnai
0.0085
0.0121
0.0206
Kaisar
0.0019
0.0038
Kand
0.0010
Kandar
0.0061
0.0099
0.016
TOTAL
0.0627

29. USES IN BALOCHISTAN NAME OF PROJECT LOCATION HEIGHT Burj Aziz Khan Dam
60 Km North-West of Quetta
52 m
Abdul Wahab Storage Dam
9 Miles Downstream of Afghan Border -

30. ACTIVITIES UNDERTAKEN

31. ACTIVITIES UNDERTAKEN
Collection of Data/Information
Exhaustive Water Account
Future Planning by Pakistan
Draft Agreement has been Proposed

32. STRENGTHENING OF HYDROLOGICAL NETWORK IN BALOCHISTAN AND NWFP
SITES IN OPERATION
SITES COMMISSIONED
N.W.F.P
Arandu Nallah at Arandu
Kabul River at Shinpokh
Chitral River near Arandu
Kurram River at Kharachi
Kaitu River at Dohtai
Tochi River at Dwa Tol
Gomal River at Tarkhai Marghoghul
BALOCHISTAN
Abdul Wahab River at Quamar Din Zhob
Kandar River at Sande
Pashin Lora at Sargai
Kand River near Sahib Jan Killi
Pashin Lora at Inam Bostan
Kadnai River at Domanda
Gori River near International Boundary

33. PAK-AFGHAN WATER AGREEMENT
Initial draft Pak-Afghan Water Treaty has been prepared
Vetted by Ministry of Foreign Affairs
Comments from Ministry of Law, Justice and Human Rights are awaited

34. FACTS & ISSUES

35. FACTS
(i) Afghanistan has an estimated development potential in water sector to the tune of about 4 MAF.
(ii) Complete/Exhaustive information is not available.
(iii) Delay in decision might cost Pakistan – India being active.

36. ISSUES
(i) Sharing of information – mechanism to be arranged by the Foreign Office
(ii) Diversion of River Chitral - a Viable Option?
(iii) Decision about the Agreement with Afghanistan on Water Sharing
Appropriate Time for such Agreement
Commitment of existing water resources/construction of storages

37. CHITRAL DIVERSION

38. CHITRAL DIVERSION

39. OPTION OF CHITRAL DIVERSION
Project Components
Construction of Mirkhani Dam to divert Chitral flows (about 4 MAF).
Tunnel to Panjkora River (part of Mirkhani Dam) and Canal to Munda H/W.
Impact on irrigation and at Warsak & Munda projects to be considered.

40. THANK YOU