1. CS320n –Visual Programming LabVIEW Foundations

2. Visual ProgrammingLabVIEW Foundations2 What We Will Do Today Hand back and review the midterm Look at the basic tools in the LabVIEW programming environment

3. Visual ProgrammingLabVIEW Foundations3 LabVIEW Programming Elements Controls and Indicators arranged on palettes according to function Controls = inputs (from user or other devices) = source terminals Indicators = outputs = destinations or sinks They are not interchangeable

4. Visual ProgrammingLabVIEW Foundations4 Controls On front panel –White background –values may be typed in –Increment / decrement control can hide by right clicking, selecting visible items, and unchecking On Block Diagram –thick border –arrow on right hand side, going out of icon

5. Visual ProgrammingLabVIEW Foundations5 Indicators On front panel –background is gray –no way to type in value On block diagram –thin border –arrow on left hand side, going into icon DBL indicates data type is a double, a number with a fractional component

6. Visual ProgrammingLabVIEW Foundations6 Adding Components on Front Panel Express view of palette Change to advanced view by clicking options button and selecting Advanced from pull down menu for Palette View

7. Visual ProgrammingLabVIEW Foundations7 Selecting Advanced View Advanced View of front panel palette When mouse rolls over button title of sub palette shown

8. Visual ProgrammingLabVIEW Foundations8 Adding Components Clicking on a button for a sub palette brings up that sub palette Get back to the previous palette using the up arrow right clicking on a palette button brings up the sub palette while keeping the original palette visible

9. Visual ProgrammingLabVIEW Foundations9 Adding Components Once correct component found click on it and drag to front panel Adding to front panel places corresponding terminal on the block diagram can alter characteristics of component by right clicking on it or alter font by selecting text and change Text Settings –can change label and value in control / indicator

10. Visual ProgrammingLabVIEW Foundations10 Making Things Pretty Components on front Panel can be aligned and distributed Select components by clicking mouse and dragging box around them align objects distribute objects resize objects

11. Visual ProgrammingLabVIEW Foundations11 Wires Data is moved around a LabVIEW program via wires Wires are placed on the block diagram Wires take information from controls to nodes and indicators Wires are color coded based on the type of data they carry

12. Visual ProgrammingLabVIEW Foundations12 Wire Color Scheme Wires have a color and a width based on data type and data structure data types –floating point numbers, integer numbers, Booleans, Strings data structures –scalar (single value), array (list of values), 2D array (table of values)

13. Visual ProgrammingLabVIEW Foundations13 Wire Color Scheme I nteger Floating Point Boolean String Scalar Array 2D Array

14. Visual ProgrammingLabVIEW Foundations14 Wiring Components LabVIEW has an automatic tool selection option. (Selected by default) Cursor turns into tool necessary based on position of cursor When cursor moved over terminal it becomes a spool of wire click to start wiring drag wire from one terminal to another

15. Visual ProgrammingLabVIEW Foundations15 Adding Wires Wire Icon Wire from output of control to input of indicator

16. Visual ProgrammingLabVIEW Foundations16 Broken Wires Errors in wiring are shown graphically –loose ends –incorrect data types –too many wires

17. Visual ProgrammingLabVIEW Foundations17 Help Context Help is a feature of LabVIEW to provide help based on the situation you are in enable context help by pressing control and H or by selecting the “Help” menu and selecting “Show Context Help” –Tries to explain errors –shows information about icons / controls / indicators / data type of wire / sub VIs

18. Visual ProgrammingLabVIEW Foundations18 Nodes Nodes are program execution elements Like actions in Alice or statements in text based languages Nodes exist for all sorts of operations, from simple to complex add transpose the elements of a table

19. Visual ProgrammingLabVIEW Foundations19 Data flow LabVIEW programs are driven by data flow operations are not performed until the data to perform them is available Alice (and most text based languages) use sequential flow of control –statements executed in the order they appear in the program

20. Visual ProgrammingLabVIEW Foundations20 Example of Data Flow Which gets executed first the add operation or the divide operation? The answer is, it depends. –On which operation has the data to perform the operation first –Sometimes when the program is run the add could be performed first and other times it could be the multiplication

21. Visual ProgrammingLabVIEW Foundations21 Cascading Data Flow Outputs of nodes can be feed to other nodes (x + y) x y2 multiplication not performed until addition complete

22. Visual ProgrammingLabVIEW Foundations22 Multiple Inputs and Outputs Operations (nodes) in LabVIEW can have more than input and more than one output multiple outputs are like multiple parameters in an Alice method or function Alice functions had no equivalent to the multiple outputs

23. Visual ProgrammingLabVIEW Foundations23 Example of Multiple Inputs and Outputs In Range and Coerce 3 inputs, 2 outputs explanation of inputs and outputs available on context help

24. Visual ProgrammingLabVIEW Foundations24 sub VIs As virtual instruments are created they can be used like the built in components packaged into a sub program create an icon with inputs and outputs –analogous to class level methods in Alice –code reuse LabVIEW contains a large library of sub VIs

25. Visual ProgrammingLabVIEW Foundations25 Example Temperature conversion Celsius to Fahrenheit Degrees Fahrenheit = (1.8 * Degrees Celsius) + 32 Input -> degrees Celsius Output -> degrees Fahrenheit

26. Visual ProgrammingLabVIEW Foundations26 Conversion Formula Two ways to handle formula 1.Use the primitive nodes and numerical constants 2.Use the formula express option

27. Visual ProgrammingLabVIEW Foundations27 First Option 1. 4. 2. 3.

28. Visual ProgrammingLabVIEW Foundations28 Bad Wires If a wire connection is bad the wire will not be solid, but a dashed line

29. Visual ProgrammingLabVIEW Foundations29 Incorrect Programs A LabVIEW program that has wiring (or other format errors) cannot be run Clicking on the broken arrow brings up a list of errors Clicking on an error displays more information about the error Edit menu has “Remove Broken Wires” option or

30. Visual ProgrammingLabVIEW Foundations30 Adding Components Automatically Some components can be added automatically instead of from a palette In the temperature example –after adding the multiplication node right click on one input –from the pop up menu select “Create” and then “Constant”

31. Visual ProgrammingLabVIEW Foundations31 Changing Labels When component added to front panel it is given a default name change name to be more descriptive After entering text click off of control or press to finish Changes label on corresponding componen

32. Visual ProgrammingLabVIEW Foundations32 Free Labels Not attached to a component For describing things about a program

33. Visual ProgrammingLabVIEW Foundations33 Second Option

34. Visual ProgrammingLabVIEW Foundations34 Formula Editor

35. Visual ProgrammingLabVIEW Foundations35 Result of Second Option

36. Visual ProgrammingLabVIEW Foundations36 Another Exercise Simulate rolling a pair of dice

37. Visual ProgrammingLabVIEW Foundations37 Expected Output? What next?

38. Visual ProgrammingLabVIEW Foundations38 Expected Output?

39. Visual ProgrammingLabVIEW Foundations39 Rounding

40. Visual ProgrammingLabVIEW Foundations40 Making Two Dice Copy and paste many components

41. Visual ProgrammingLabVIEW Foundations41 Finished Product

42. Visual ProgrammingLabVIEW Foundations42 Always Another Way

43. Visual ProgrammingLabVIEW Foundations43 Both Methods