1. The Role of Lubricants in Fuel Efficient Equipment Design
Christoph Wincierz

2. CO2 statements Lord John Browne, BP chief executive (2002)
„We believe that if every car driver in Europe used the best lubricant we have available today, CO2 emissions would fall by 30 million tonnes a year."
Western European OEM (2007)
„The cost of reducing 1 g CO2 per km
is between 30 and 120 €.“
Source: BMW
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3. How do lubricants reduce fuel consumption?
1. Mechanical Efficiency
Viscous drag
→ Reduce viscosity
Friction in contacts
→ Optimize surface layer
2. Volumetric Efficiency
→ Increase viscosity
3. Compensate downsizing effects
Shear stability ↑
Pitting resistance↑
EP / AW performance ↑
Longevity FM ↑
Thermal-oxidative stability ↑
Operating temperature ↓
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4. SAE J306 updated for fuel economy and shear stability
Stay-in-grade after shear in KRL 20 hours (CEC L-45-A-99)
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5. Truck on Roller Dynamometer Manual Transmission Fluid
ZF fluid SAE 30
KV 100 / cSt
KV 30 / cSt
FIGE cyclus, fuel savings
Urban traffic: 2.6 – 3.3 %
Suburban traffic: 1,1 – 1,2 %
Motorway: 0 % (direct drive)
Total Savings 0.7 – 1 %
Source: ZF
Heavy truck field test revealed 0.5 to 5 % difference in fuel consumption between SAE 90 and SAE 75W-90 depending on topography and temperature.
Source: RohMax
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6. Automatic Transmission Fluid Passenger Car
Source: ZF
1 % better fuel economy
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7. FZG Efficiency Test according to VW Method PV 1456
Gear Set 2
Gear Set 1
Torque Sensor
Drive Motor
Torque Adjustment Flange
Torsion Flange
Shaft 2
Shaft 1
Selection of base oil, additives, VI Improver
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8. Avoid Pitting as a consequence of lower viscosities
OEMs specify
Bearing pitting test
FZG Pitting tests
Film thickness
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9. Operating Temperature ARKL Test VW PV 1454
Mineral oil 4 mm²/s
PAO 4
Oil Temperature °C
Test time in min
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10. Volumetric Efficiency
Increased viscosity at operating temperature leads to higher pump efficiency.
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11. CAT Hydo 10W (VI 104) vs ISO 46 (VI 200)
Caterpillar 318CL
Throttle
Fuel Consumption
ISO 46 VI 200
Productivity
Number of Work Cycles
100 %
- 13.8%
+ 5.8%
90 %
- 8.6%
+ 24.3%
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12. Summary OEMs view lubricants as design element for fuel economy.
Trend towards lower viscosities keeps ongoing.
Pitting is a challenge.
Efficiency increases importance in hydraulic applications.
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13. Disclaimer
This information and all further technical advice is based on our present knowledge and experience. However, it implies no liability or other legal responsibility on our part, including with regard to existing third party intellectual property rights, especially patent rights. In particular, no warranty, whether express or implied, or guarantee of product properties in the legal sense is intended or implied. We reserve the right to make any changes according to technological progress or further developments. The customer is not released from the obligation to conduct careful inspection and testing of incoming goods. Performance of the product described herein should be verified by testing, which should be carried out only by qualified experts in the sole responsibility of a customer. Reference to trade names used by other companies is neither a recommendation, nor does it imply that similar products could not be used.
VISCOPLEX® and VISCOBASE® are registered trademarks of Röhm GmbH & Co.KG
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