2. Volcanoes are classified by: Their shape The way they erupt The materials from which they are formed

3. There are three main types of volcanoes that we need to learn about. They are: Cinder Cone Volcanoes Shield Volcanoes Composite Volcanoes

4. Volcano number 1

5. Cinder Cone Volcanoes Cone shaped with very steep sides Relatively small- usually less than 300m (984ft) Built from lava fragments called cinders Very little lava Ex: Paricutin in Mexico and Stromboli in Italy

6. Volcano number 2

7. Shield Volcanoes Looks like a shield Large mountains with gentle slopes Formed from lava that flows slowly from a crack in the Earth’s curst Ex: Mauna Loa located in Hawaii is the largest volcano on Earth

8. Volcano number 3

9. Composite Volcanoes Looks like and upside- down V and has steep sides Formed from the most explosive volcanoes Eruptions usually occur without warning and can be very destructive Layers of rock and lava Ex: Mount Fuji which is located in Japan

10. Formation High temperature High Pressure Liquid State Found in pockets called magma chambers  Magma constantly moves and works its way through cracks toward the surface by melting the solid rock Volcanoes –Magma: Rock deep within the Earth

11. Formation  Lava – Magma that has reached the Earth’s Surface  The place where magma becomes lava is called a Volcano  The opening through which lava erupts is called a vent Volcanoes can have more than one vent Lava will poor from the sides of a volcano as well as the top Volcanoes

12. Scientists study the makeup of the lava that spews from the Volcanoes vents to gain knowledge about the interior magma Types of Lava  Dark-colored/ Water  Light-colored/ little Water  Chemical composition of both  Large amounts of gases Steam and carbon dioxide Eruptions

13. During eruptions many rock fragments are blown into the air  Smallest = volcanic dust  Medium = volcanic ash  Large= volcanic bombs Small volcanic bombs the size of golf balls are called Cinders