1. Normal Anatomy: Panoramic Images
Chapter 29
Normal Anatomy: Panoramic Images

2. Dental Radiography Questions
What are normal anatomic features of panoramic images?
What bony landmarks of the maxilla and mandible and surrounding structures may be seen on panoramic images?
What soft tissue images may be seen on panoramic images?

3. Dental Radiography Chapter 29 Reading
Iannucci & Howerton (pp )

4. Dental Radiography Chapter 29 Outline Normal Anatomy: Panoramic Images
Normal anatomic landmarks
Air spaces seen on panoramic images
Soft tissues seen on panoramic images

5. Introduction Purpose Iannucci & Howerton (pp. 357-358)
To review the normal anatomy of the maxilla and mandible as viewed on a panoramic image
To examine air space images and soft tissue images

6. Normal Anatomic Landmarks
Iannucci & Howerton (p. 358)
Bony Landmarks of Maxilla and Surrounding Structures
Bony Landmarks of Mandible and Surrounding Structures
Air Spaces Seen on Panoramic Images
Soft Tissues Seen on Panoramic Images

7. Bony Landmarks of the Maxilla and Surrounding Structures
Iannucci & Howerton (p. 358) (Fig. 29-1)
Mastoid process
Styloid process
External auditory meatus
Glenoid fossa
Articular eminence
Lateral pterygoid plate
Pterygomaxillary fissure
Maxillary tuberosity
Infraorbital foramen
Orbit
Where are these structures located?
What do they look like on a panoramic image?

8. Bony Landmarks of Maxilla and Surrounding Structures
Iannucci & Howerton (pp ) (Figs through 29-4)
Incisive canal
Incisive foramen
Anterior nasal spine
Nasal cavity
Nasal septum
Hard palate
Maxillary sinus and floor of the maxillary sinus
Zygomatic process of the maxilla
Zygoma
Hamulus
Where are these structures located on a panoramic image?
What do they look like?

9. Bony Landmarks of Mandible and Surrounding Structures
Iannucci & Howerton (pp ) (Fig. 29-5)
Mandibular condyle
Coronoid notch
Coronoid process
Mandibular foramen
Lingula
Mandibular canal
Mental foramen
Mental ridge
Use a copy of Fig to show students where these landmarks are located.

10. Bony Landmarks of Mandible and Surrounding Structures
Iannucci & Howerton (pp ) (Figs through 29-8)
Mental fossa
Lingual foramen
Genial tubercles
Inferior border of the mandible
Mylohyoid ridge
Internal oblique ridge
External oblique ridge
Angle of the mandible
Where are these landmarks located?
What do they look like on a panoramic image?

11. Air Spaces Seen on Panoramic Images
Iannucci & Howerton (pp. 363, 365) (Figs. 29-9, 29-10)
Palatoglossal air space
Nasopharyngeal air space
Glossopharyngeal air space
The palatoglossal air space refers to the space found between the palate and tongue.
The nasopharyngeal air space refers to the portion of the throat located posterior to the nasal cavity.
The glossopharyngeal air space refers to the portion of the pharynx located posterior to the tongue and oral cavity.

12. Soft Tissues Seen on Panoramic Images
Iannucci & Howerton (pp ) (Figs , 29-12)
Tongue
Soft palate and uvula
Lipline
Ear
The tongue appears as a radiopaque area superimposed over the maxillary posterior teeth.
The soft palate and uvula form a muscular curtain that separates the oral cavity form the nasal cavity, and appear as a diagonal radiopacity projecting posteriorly and inferiorly from the maxillary tuberosity region.
The lipline is formed by the position of the patient’s lips.
The ear appears as a radiopaque shadow that projects anteriorly and inferiorly from the mastoid process.