1. The United States’ Expansion West Hostile Takeover or Manifest Destiny?

3. Manifest Destiny The belief that it was the destiny of the United States to stretch across North America This belief influenced the attitudes of the American people and the policies of the U.S. government Term coined by New York newspaper editor John O’Sullivan in 1845

4. “The Trail of Tears” by Robert Lindneux

5. Review of Selected U.S. Treaties with Native Americans Hopewell Treaty with the Cherokee (1785) http://www.yale.edu/lawweb/avalon/ntreaty/chr1785.htm http://www.yale.edu/lawweb/avalon/ntreaty/chr1785.htm Holston Treaty with the Cherokee (1791) http://www.yale.edu/lawweb/avalon/ntreaty/chr1791.htm http://www.yale.edu/lawweb/avalon/ntreaty/chr1791.htm Treaty of Washington (May 6, 1828) http://www.cviog.uga.edu/Projects/gainfo/chertrea.htm/washing6.htm http://www.cviog.uga.edu/Projects/gainfo/chertrea.htm/washing6.htm Treaty of New Echota (December 29, 1835) http://www.cviog.uga.edu/Projects/gainfo/chertrea.htm/newechot.htm http://www.cviog.uga.edu/Projects/gainfo/chertrea.htm/newechot.htm The Indian Removal Act (1830) http://www.mtholyoke.edu/acad/intrel/removal.htm http://www.mtholyoke.edu/acad/intrel/removal.htm

6. The Louisiana Purchase Authorized by President Jefferson in 1803 Purchased from France for $15 million Doubled the size of the United States

8. Oregon Trail Began in Independence, MO and ended in the Willamette Valley in the Oregon Territory Families moved west seeking cheap farm land and better lives From 1840-1860 approximately 54,000 people emigrated to the Oregon Territory

9. Mormon Trail Began in Nauvoo, IL and ended in Salt Lake City, UT Mormons moved seeking religious freedom Over 70,000 Mormons followed the trail from 1847-1869

10. California Trail Over 250,000 gold seekers followed the trail in the 1840s and 1850s 5500 miles of rugged terrain Estimated male-to- female ratio was 50:1

11. Transcontinental Railroad Connected the east coast to the west coast It took over 10,000 workers 6 years to build Began the United States’ transition to a modern transportation system

12. Your Challenge Write an essay responding to the question: Was the United States’ expansion west the fulfillment of the country’s destiny or a hostile takeover of lands already claimed by others?

13. http://www.english.uiowa.edu/specialties/19thUS.html American Progress http://www.woolaroc.org/museum/overview.html Trail of Tears http://www.nebraskahistory.org/lib-arch/research/photos/highlite/butcher/ Wagon train http://www.cr.nps.gov/history/online_books/mopi/hrst.htm Handcart http://www.sfmuseum.org/hist1/rail.html Railroad info.