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Plant of the day
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Statement of Purpose IV. The mission of Campbell University, as a community of Christian scholars, is to A. Provide students with a Christian worldview
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Is there a Christian view of botany? Caretakers of the garden –Should we consider how our lifestyles impact the natural plant communities around us? Does Christianity influence our use of plants? –Plant-derived chemicals
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Christianity and botany Spiritual symbolism of plants –Identification with Christ – John 15:5 I am the vine; you are the branches. If a man remains in me and I in him, he will bear much fruit; apart from me you can do nothing
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Christianity and botany Spiritual symbolism of plants –Revelation 22:1-2 Then the angel showed me the river of the water of life, as clear as crystal, flowing from the throne of God and of the Lamb down the middle of the great street of the city. On each side of the river stood the tree of life, bearing twelve crops of fruit, yielding its fruit every month. And the leaves of the tree are for the healing of the nations.
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Why is knowledge of plants important? We are dependent on plants
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Plants are producers
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Genesis 1: 29-30 Then God said, “I give you every seed- bearing plant on the face of the whole earth and every tree that has fruit with seed in it. They will be yours for food. And to all the beast of the earth and all the birds of the air and all the creatures that move on the ground—everything that has the breath of life in it—I give every green plant for food.” And it was so.
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Plants as a food source
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Photosynthesis and sugars
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Plants & the carbon cycle
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Cacao - chocolatechocolate
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Photosynthesis and oxygen
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Plants & the nitrogen cycle
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Legumes & rhizobium
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Beverages
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Wines
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Cork
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Wormwood - absintheabsinthe
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Spices
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Plants & health Natural compounds –LycopeneLycopene –YohimbineYohimbine –Medicines taxol
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Wood products
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Landscaping
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Paper
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Plants and sports
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Musical instruments
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Textiles
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Plants & transportation
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Plants as fuel
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Coal
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Recreational Drugs
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Plants & emotions
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Personal care products
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Plant-related inventions
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Velcro – George de Mestral 1907-1990
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History of plant use & study Stone Age (prior to 15,000 BC.) –Plants as a source of Fuel Food Medicines
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The Dawn of Agriculture
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Plant domestication 15,000 – 10,000 BC.
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Selection in the Brassica family
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Teosinte – ancestor of corn
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Plant Science in the Ancient World Egypt (1500 B.C.) – documented herbal uses Greece (400-300 B.C.) –Physicians/botanists –Theophrastus – “Father of Botany” History of Plants Causes of Plants
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Age of Herbals (1500-1700 A.D.) Otto Brunfels - 1541
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Doctrine of Signatures
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Green Revolution (1940-60s) Use of high-yield varieties Altered agricultural practices –Irrigation –Use of synthetic fertilizers Wheat yield quadrupled in 20 yrs. Corn yield: 20bu/ha to 100-250 bu/ha
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Modern Plant Study Agronomy Bryology Economic Botany Ethnobotany Forestry Horticulture Paleobotany Palynology Phycology Plant anatomy Plant breeding Plant ecology Plant genetics Plant geography Plant molecular biology Plant morphology Plant pathology Plant physiology Plant systematics Plant taxonomy
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Plants, food and population growth
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World population growth link
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World food supply 6.3 billion fed a basic vegetarian diet 4.2 billion fed with a 15% meat diet 3.2 billion fed with a 25% meat diet
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In the next 50 years, can we double our food supply? Increase land used for agriculture? Increase crop productivity? Convert to vegetarian diet?
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Worldwide land resources
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Distribution of arable land
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Soil salinization
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Areas of salinization
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Deforestation in the U.S.
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Yield increases are declining
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What causes reduced crop productivity?
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Human activities
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Air pollution affects photosynthesis
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Human impact on pollination link
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Disease Reduce crop yields 10-20% despite control efforts
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Wheat rust reduces grain yield
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Insects
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Insect pests reduce crop productivity Reduce crop yields 15% despite control efforts
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Mite damage - eggplant
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Mite damage in a bean field
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Weeds Reduce crop yields 12% despite control efforts
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Foxtail in corn
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Drought link
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Drought link
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Drought increases stress Black shank disease in tobacco
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Drought and irrigation
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Temperature stress Temperature tolerance Enzymatic activity Quality
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Plant biology is essential Crop research needed –Resistance to insects, disease –Tolerance to environmental variablesTolerance to environmental variables –Improved productivity –Improved nutritional qualities
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Genesis 3:17-19 To Adam he said, “Because you listened to your wife and ate from the tree about which I commanded you, ‘You must not eat of it’, cursed is the ground because of you; through painful toil you will eat of it all the days of your life. It will produce thorns and thistles for you, and you will eat the plants of the field.”
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