1. DATA TABLES Kinds of variables… DISPLAYING ONE CATEGORICAL VARIABLE Frequency tables…Bar charts…Pie charts… EQUAL AREA PRINCIPLE

2. DATA TABLE shirtTVpoliticssalarysinger blue5mod.800004.5 blue1liberal350003 3liberal3 green2mod.400004 teal2liberal400000 Columns = Variables Rows =Individuals =Cases =Subjects Unique key? Do the rows have any particular sequence? Missing Data

3. Kinds of Variables CATEGORICAL --- nominal --- values are just labels ordinal --- values are just labels, but have a sequence QUANTITATIVE --- discrete --- only certain (separated) values are possible continuous --- all values are possible in some range

4. Frequency table - sex VALUECOUNTPERCENT (of column) Female4664% Male2636% TOTAL72100%

5. Frequency table - politics VALUECOUNTPERCENT (of column) Liberal4664% Moderate2231% Conservative4 6% TOTAL72100%

6. Frequency table - singing VALUECOUNTPERCENT 11622% 21622% 32332% 41217% 55 7% TOTAL72100%

9. EQUAL-AREA PRINCIPLE Areas are in proportion to data values.

10. Summary…Key ideas DATA TABLES Individuals, Variables… TYPES OF DATA Categorical (Nominal, Ordinal), Quantitative… FREQUENCY TABLE BAR CHART Equal area principle… PIE CHART