1. Warm up #10 1. In what present day country did the religion of Islam
form?
SAUDI ARABIA
Who is the founder of Islam?
MUHAMMAD
What is the religious celebration which includes fasting
for people of the Islamic faith
RAMADAN

2. Rise of Islam

3. Muhammad Born in Mecca He was troubled by all the greed
At 40, heard a voice to become a
messenger of God.
His wife encouraged him to do
so and became his convert to
Islam “to submit to God”
People of Mecca were angered
and Muhammad out of fear
traveled to Medina in 622
This journey is called the Hijra
People of Medina converted to
Islam and war broke out between
Mecca and Median
Muhammad won, united all Arabs
under Islam, but soon died in 632
Muhammad

4. Teachings of Islam Quran—Holy Book Duties of Islam called
the Five Pillars of Islam
Shahada –
Declaration of faith
2. Prayer-
At least 5 times/day
3. Zakah-
Charity to the poor
4. Sawm-
Fasting during
Ramadan
5. Hajj-
Pilgrimage to Mecca

5. Islam Rituals Jihad- Struggle in God’s service
Personal duty for Muslims
Sometimes interpreted as a
Holy War
Sharia- Body of laws which
interpret the Quran
Mosque- Holy building
Minaret- “lighthouse” provides
focal point for prayer
Dubai-minaret

6. Early Challenges Muhmmad dies in 632 CE Who’s next????
Abu Bakr—Muhammad’s
father-in-law becomes the
Caliph—successor to
Muhammad
The first 4 Caliphs expanded
Muslim territory
Conquered
Persians
Byzantines

7. Schism in Islam Factions of Islam Abu Bakr dies in 634 CE
Ali, the 4th Caliph, Muhammad’s son-in-law, is assassinated in 661CE
Two factions emerge
Shiites
Believed that Ali and all successors should be descendants from Muhammad
Sunnis
Believe the successor should be a pious male from Muhammad’s tribe
Schism in Islam

8. Warm up 11 Which Asian groups will adopt the religion of Islam?
What is this building and why was it built?

9. Umayyads Sunni Dynasty forms Umayyads rule the Muslim
world from CE
Expansion of Islam
North Africa
Persia
Conquered Spain
Tried to conquer France,
but lost at Battle of Tours
Capital was Damascus
Conquered territories
Religious tolerance
Special tax for non-Muslims
Prohibited looting and
burning of cities

10. Abbasids Shiite Dynasty Abbasids conquered the Umayyads
Moved the capital to Baghdad
Ended military campaigns
Ended discrimination against
non-Muslims

11. Foreign Invaders Abbasids start to weaken in 850 CE
Smaller dynasties started to arise
Foreign invaders
Seljuk Turks
Adopted Islam as religion
1050 controlled Baghdad
Fought the Crusades of
Pope Urban II
Mongolians
1258 looted Baghdad and
killed the last Abbasid
caliph
Tamerlane, Mongolian
leader invaded Russia,
India and SW Asia

12. Muslims in India

13. Advancing into India Muslim advances into India
Arab armies first arrived in 711
and conquered the Indus Valley
In 1000 Muslim Turks push
farther into India and battle the
Hindu for control
The Delhi Sultanate was created
Delhi was the capital
Ruled Northern India 1206-
1526
Sikhism—religion which blended
Hinduism and Islam
Founded by Nanak
Would organize into an army
called the Sikhs

14. The Delhi Sultanate Influence by the Persian Empire
art and architecture
Increase trade between India and
Muslim world
Foreign invaders led to the
downfall of the Sultanate
The Turk, Tamerlane, invaded
in Enslaved thousands
of Indians.
The Sultanate finally broke into
smaller Hindu and Muslims
states.

15. Mughal India Mongols and Turks invade
1526 finally conquer Delhi Sultanate
New Muslim Dynasty Forms
Babur, self-claimed descendent of
Genghis Khan and Tamerlane
establishes the Mughal Dynasty

16. Mughal India The Mughal Dynasty Ruled India 1526 to 1857.
The height of the empire was led by
Babur’s grandson, Akbar
Economic problems and revolts
ended the Maghul reign in 1857.
Taj Mahal was built
as a tomb for the wife
of a Caliph during the
Mughal Dynasty

17. Ottoman Empire Mehmet II, captured Constantinople
and renamed it Istanbul, in 1453
The Golden Age of the Ottoman
Empire
under the sultan, or
ruler Suleiman “the Magnificent”
Ottoman Empire Declines
Suleiman dies in 1566
By 1700’s European advances in
military technology and
commerce leave the Ottomans
behind

18. Safavid Empire Safavid Empire Located in present day Iran,
between the Ottomans and
Mughal.
Frequent wars with the Ottomans,
who were Sunnis, while the
Safavids were Shiites
Shah (King) Abbas the Great,
revived the glory of the Persian
Empire
The empire faded when Shah
Abbas died. The Qajars Family
ruled it until 1925.
_and_engraver.jpg/250px-Shah_Abbas_I_engraving_by_Dominicus_
Custos_-_Antwerp_artist_printer_and_engraver.jpg

19. Warm up 12 1. What are the two main factions of Islam?
What is the holy buildings and text of Islam called?
What was the first Muslim Empire in India?
Who ruled the Ottoman Empire during their Golden
Age?
Who first ruled the Mughal Empire and who led it during
its height?
Shiites and Sunnis
Mosque and Quran
Delhi Sultanate
Suleiman the Magnificant
Babur and Akbar