1. Better Alternatives Through TRIZ (TREZ) by JimWixson CVS, CMfgE Advisory Engineer

2. Introduction  Improve inventive skills  Improve the development of alternatives for trade-studies.  Lead to better designs and solutions to complex problems. TRIZ Methodology and its innovation software-based system are tools which can:

3. Patterns of Invention Genrich Saulovich Altshuller Father of TRIZ 15 October 1926 - 24 September 1998

4. Patterns of Invention n Altshuller recognized that the same fundamental problem (contradiction) had been addressed by a number of inventions in different areas of technology n He also observed that the same fundamental solutions were used over and over again, often separated by many years n He reasoned that if the latter inventor had known of the earlier solution, his/her task would have been straightforward n He sought to extract, compile, and organize this information

5. Patterns of Invention n Removing stems from bell peppers n Removing shells from sunflower seeds n Cleaning filters n Unpacking parts wrapped in protective paper n Splitting diamonds along micro-cracks n Producing sugar powder from sugar crystals

6. How Ideation/TRIZ Works 1 2 3 5 6 7 8 9 n 4 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 n Corresponding Solutions Many Typical Problems Many Typical Recommendations for Solutions (Knowledge base) n A large number of typical problems are available for consideration n TRIZ helps narrow the search to a manageable range of typical problems n For each typical problem, there are one or more potential solutions Prism of TRIZ - Analytical tools

7. What is TRIZ? n Russian Acronym for the Theory of Inventive Problem Solving n Systematic, Structured Way of Thinking n Science n Results of Over 50 Years Research Analyzing Over Two Million Worldwide Patents within All Engineering Disciplines

8. Why TRIZ was created: n To provide a systematic step-by-step procedure n To guide an inventor through the solution space and direct him or her to the area with the best (most ideal) solutions n To provide an inventor with reliable and repeatable results that do not depend on personal (psychological) issues n To provide a means to access proven knowledge (patent information) n To accumulate knowledge of the human innovation experience

9. Evolution of the TRIZ Methodology Advanced Software Tools Methodology Advancement 1946 1982 1985 1992 1997 2002 Kishinev Era Classical TRIZ Era 40 Principles Patterns of Evolution ARIZ-85 AFD Directed Evolution Advanced Tools Re-Structuring of Theoretical Base 1 2 3 4 3 2 3 Non-Technological Applications Ideation/TRIZ Era

10. Evolution of Creative Methods “Miles’ Direction” Re-structuring of existing knowledge for effective application of the creative process “Altshuller’s Direction” Utilization of patterns of evolution and methods of generating ideas based on these patterns Ideation/TRIZ Methodology Combination of all effective approaches to creative problem solving and control of technological evolution “Osborn’s Direction” Decreasing of psychological inertia, activation of human motivation, organization of effective teamwork

11. The Ideation/TRIZ Methodology: Roots and Components Morphology Method Psychology-Based Methods Kishinev School Development Classical TRIZ Value Engineering Brainstorming Fish-bone Diagramming Accumulated knowledge documented in patents and other sources of technological information Ideation/TRIZ Methodology

12. Data Mining Re-Engineering Business Process Improvement Integration of Ideation/TRIZ QFD DFMA VA/VE Taguchi Methods FMEA & HAZOP Lateral Thinking Total Quality Management Theory of Constraints Brainstorming Other Techniques Ideation/TRIZ IPS AFD DE Development of Human Resources $ Value

13. P S olution roblem Concept 1 Concept 2 Concept 3 Concept N-1 Concept N Psychological Inertia Vector How We Solve Creative Problems Using the Trial & Error Method

14. The Solution Space Mechanical Effects & Technology Electrical & Magnetic Effects & Technology Chemical Effects & Technology Thermo-Dynamics P roblem S olution

15. 200,000 40,000 Key Findings Definition of inventive problem Levels of invention Patterns of evolution Patterns of invention Patents * (worldwide) * Today over 2,000,000 patents have been investigated. TRIZ is Based on Technology Rather than Psychology

16. Two Main Benefits n Enhancement of personal creative capabilities n Professionally apply numerous tools (including software tools) to obtain repetitive, reliable creative results in everyday engineering procedures

17. What is an Inventive Problem? n Involves one or more contradictions n Suggests no known means of solution

18. Levels of Solutions Level 1: Apparent (no invention) Established solutions; well-known and readily accessible Level 2: Improvement Small improvements of an existing system, usually with some compromise Bifocal glasses, beeper Level 3: Invention inside the paradigm Essential improvement of an existing system Automatic transmission, radio telephone Level 4: Invention outside the paradigm A concept for a new generation of an existing system, based on changing the principle of performing the primary function Jet aircraft, integrated circuit Level 5: Discovery Pioneering of an essentially new system Laser, radio, airplane

19. T o Opportunity occurs T P Opportunity is perceived T b Project activity begins T f Product definition and plans freeze T r Product is released to production T s First customers are satisfied BET Break-even time T e Project becomes extinct From Accelerated Innovation by Marvin Patterson ToTo TPTP TbTb TfTf Cash flow TrTr TsTs BET TeTe Time Net Profit Period Innovation cycle time Importance of Innovation Cycle

20. How this relates M&O Contracts From Accelerated Innovation by Marvin Patterson T s Turn project over to customer M&O Operation and Maintenance time T e Project becomes extinct (D&D) T f Project is released to construction T f Product definition and plans freeze T o Opportunity occurs T P Opportunity is perceived T b Systems Engineering begins T b’ Trade Studies Conducted ToTo TPTP TbTb TfTf Cash flow TrTr TsTs M&O TeTe Time Operating Period Innovation cycle time T b’

21. Innovation n Not just one simple flash of creative invention or the development of a new product or process n It is a connected process which many and sufficient creative acts, from research through service, are coupled together, in an integrated manner, for a common goal

22. Roadblocks to Innovation Historical Mindset Need for Instant Answers (Point Solutions) An Impatient World Resistance to Change Change is Threatening Poorly Defined Problem Or Objective ‘Not Invented Here’ Syndrome Habits Past Experiences Inability to Accept Risk Peer Influences Rejection of Past Ideas

23. When would TRIZ be used? Information Phase Creativity Phase Evaluation Phase Planning Phase Reporting Phase Implementation Phase *Clearly identify the problem(s) to be solved, and gather information on the background, functions and requirements of the product, process, or system. *Brainstorm ideas on how to improve the broken, high cost, or inadequately performed key functions. *Screen ideas for acceptance, score remaining ideas on a scale and group ideas into categories. Develop design scenarios, and selection criteria. Rate and rank ideas. *Plan how to sell ideas to management, identify key recommendations, plan management presentation. *Give oral presentation to management, or develop written report. *Get management approval for go-ahead, make management plan, make assignments, implement, follow-up.

24. Tapping Our Knowledge SOCIETY INDUSTRY IPT PERSONAL 1 2 3 4 5 All That Is Knowable

25. What is a Problem? n Things are not ideal -- dilemmas, questions, uncertainty, doubt n A deviation from a (perceived) goal Problems create high uncertainty Decision Making Decision Making (in the box) Observations (Current State) Deviations (Problem) References (Goal / Ideal State)

26. Thinking Outside the Box: Creating Breakthroughs Space Time We Know something is impossible only through a certain interpretation or belief system. Impossibility Event Belief System

27. Roadblocks to Problem Solving Not having crystal clear vision Not having the required capabilities and tools Not having the drive/commitment to execute the plan toward the vision Constraints, conflicts, contradictions, paradoxes Regulatory Requirements Customer Desires Technology trends Funding Availability -- Internal and external Organizational behavior -- Internal and external Organizational passive support Relationship behavior… not clear on expectations Processes Compensation

28. Problem Solving & The Mind We feel the solution is good enough (Point Solution) We are faced with a new problem We decide the problem is impossible Activation De-Activation Problem Creates Necessity

29. What is a Solution? Answer Discovery Resolution Conclusion (we’ve reached the ideal state) End result winning strategies Uncertainty, doubt confidence -- the winner’s edge Ideation/TRIZ provides tools to enable the visualization of solutions in a predictable manner

30. Stage 1 - a system does not yet exist but important conditions for emergence are being developed Stage 2 - a new system appears due to a high- level invention and begins slow development Stage 3 - begins when society recognizes the value of the new system Stage 4 - begins when the resources of the system’s original concept is mostly exhausted Stage 5 - begins when a new system or next system generation emerges to replace the existing one Stage 6 - begins if the existing system is not completely replaced by the new one as the existing system still has a limited area of application System Evolution System Characteristic Time 1 2 3 4 5 6

31. The Challenge Probability of Problem Resolution Time and Resources Needed Discovery Standard Problem 1 2 3 4 5

32. 1946 - 1985 Basic Tools System Approach Paradox/ Contradiction Ideal System ARIZ Su-Field 76 Standard Solutions 40 Principles 4 Separation Principles Effects:(phys, chem,geo) 8 Patterns Examples of Innovation Classical TRIZ Increased performance Get rid of system’s harmful effects Gains received without compromise or tradeoff All mankind knowledge Past, present & future

33. Ideation TRIZ Methodology 1982 - Present Analytical Tools Advanced ARIZ Su-Field Innovation Situation Questionnaire Problem Formulator Knowledge-Based Tools System of Operators 76 Standard Solutions 40 Principles 4 Separation Principles Effects:(Phys,chem,geo,etc.) 8 Patterns of Evolution Examples of Innovation Additional Operators IDEATOR IMPROVER ELIMINATOR IWB TRIZ Soft TM Certification AFD Formulator

34. Re-Activation With Ideation/TRIZ Solution is good enough We are faced with a new problem We decide the problem is impossible Activation Ideality Confidence Knowledge-Base Reformulation Ask Why? Problem Creates Necessity

35. Why is the Ideation Process Different? Start Time Dead Time An Exhaustive Set of Possible Concepts of Solution Confident Decision Point Forced Decision Point Number of Solutions for Reliable Choice Considered Solutions Time

36. n Key Findings –Definition of the Inventive Problem –Levels of Inventions –Patterns of Inventions –Patterns of Evolution n Advanced Analytical Tools –Innovation Situation Questionnaire (ISQ) –Problem Formulator –Algorithm for Inventive Problem-Solving (ARIZ) –Substance-Field Analysis (Su-Field) n Main Ideation / TRIZ Methodology Applications –Inventive Problem Solving (IPS) –Anticipatory Failure Determination (AFD) –Directed Evolution (DE) n Main Premises –Ideality –Contradictions –System Approach n Advanced Knowledge-Based Tools –Pattern/Lines of Evolution –40 Innovation Principles & Contradiction Table –Separation Principles –76 Standard Solutions –Effects –System of Operators –Selected Innovation Examples Summary Of The Ideation / TRIZ Methodology

37. Basic Premise What is it, that is impossible to do today, that if it were possible, would drive the competition to zero. Joel Barker, Futurist Whatever it was that got you where you are today, is not sufficient to keep you there. Identify & Meet the Challenge

38. Implementation - First Steps n Assess enterprise’s situation and Ideation capabilities –Define mismatches between vision and results –Identify opportunities for applying Inventive Engineering Select and resolve 3-4 high-profile problems that can be implemented quickly n Initiate institutionalization –Communicate Successes –Identify integration opportunities –Plan education of key employees –Develop internal experts