1. HAARP-Induced Substorm ? image by A. Lee Snyder A.V. Streltsov Thayer School of Engineering, Dartmouth College also: J. Kan, University of Alaska A.L. Snyder, NorhWest Assoc. E.V. Mishin, Hanscom AFRL

2. Substorm

3. The goal of this project is to develop/investigate mechanism of triggering substorm with HAARP modified by S. Maus from Kivelson and Russel [1995]

4. Interaction of one discrete auroral arc (or two FACs) with the ionosphere

5. Ionospheric Feedback Mechanism (IFM) IFM + E  + cavity = Ionospheric Feedback Instability (IFI) IFI growth rate is large when  P is small, E  is large and k  is large

6. Interactions of magnetic field-aligned currents with the ionosphere Streltsov and Lotko [2008]

7. HAARP

8. Background Parameters Simulations [Streltsov et al., 2005]

9. continues heating single-pulse heating periodic heating

10. EiEi Pulse (sec) 10 20215 30160 40125140 50100120 6090107 7080100 80 90 7590 1006790 spot size 20 km spot size 30 km n i = 4 x 10 4 cm -3 n m = 10 cm -3 electric field in the ionosphere density in the ionosphere size of the heating spot … Frequency of HAARP modulation Frequency of the IFI depends on: 25 tables for different combinations of parameters were generated

11. The Experiment It was conducted from 05:30 to 08:00 UT on 29 October and 1 November 2008. It was conducted from 05:30 to 08:00 UT on 29 October and 1 November 2008. The E-region was heated with 4.2 MHz X-mode waves focused to a 20 km spot in the direction of the magnetic zenith and vertically. The E-region was heated with 4.2 MHz X-mode waves focused to a 20 km spot in the direction of the magnetic zenith and vertically.

12. The Experiment The frequency of the heater modulation was determined from simulations of the ionospheric feedback instability for the parameters observed during the experiment. The frequency of the heater modulation was determined from simulations of the ionospheric feedback instability for the parameters observed during the experiment. Results of the experiment have been recorded with: Results of the experiment have been recorded with: 1. HAARP fluxgate magnetometer 2. UAF/GI magnetometer array 3. HAARP induction magnetometer 4. HAARP all-sky imager 5. PIPER photometers 6. HAARP HF digisonde 7. Modular UHF Ionospheric Radar (MUIR) 8. Poker Flat all-sky imager

13. Observations at HAARP were made by: Anatoly V. Streltsov (PI) Dartmouth College A. Lee Snyder NorthWest Todd Pedersen AFRL Hanscom Mike McCarrick BAE Systems Robert Newsom Stanford University Christopher Fallen Arctic Region SuperComp Center Elizabeth Kendall SRI International

14. HAARP HF digisonde (A. Lee Snyder)

15. HAARP (Gakona) Fluxgate Magnetometer

16. UAF/GI magnetometer array

17. HAARP Induction Magnetometer (Mike McCarrick)

18. HAARP all-sky imager and PIPER photometers (Todd Pedersen and Robert Newsom )

19. HAARP all-sky imager (Todd Pedersen)

20. Conclusions 1. 1.The Experiment conducted on HAARP on 10/29/2008 was a complete success. It demonstrates that electromagnetic dynamics of the coupled magnetosphere- ionosphere system can be changed by HAARP, when the ambient geomagnetic conditions are favorable for the development of the ionospheric feedback instability. It demonstrates that electromagnetic dynamics of the coupled magnetosphere- ionosphere system can be changed by HAARP, when the ambient geomagnetic conditions are favorable for the development of the ionospheric feedback instability. 2. 2.The Experiment also demonstrate that this is just the beginning. The new numerical model should be developed. This model should include: Time varying background parameters 3D geometry of the heated MI region The model will be used to develop a new, more efficient scheme of the ionospheric heating with HAARP.