1. The J2EE Framework 1 Introduction to Java 2 Enterprise Edition Presented by Communication & Collaboration Technologies Division of the Chief Information Officer Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute Welcome!

2. The J2EE Framework 2 Main Topics Introduction –The Goal –The Problem –The Solution What is J2EE? Motivations The J2EE Framework Case Studies / ExamplesCase StudiesExamples

3. The J2EE Framework 3 Motivations Why J2EE? Presentation world is web-centric Tried other approaches –Static HTML, CGI, Applets, ASP Need integration with campus-wide services Capitalize on developer’s strengths –Programming –Presentation –DBM Framework is being widely adopted by vendors

4. The J2EE Framework 4 Motivations Oracle 9iAS Internet Application Server Enterprise Edition used by SCT for Banner 100% compliant J2EE server Oracle9i Application Server http://www.oracle.com/ip/deploy/ias

5. The J2EE Framework 5 Motivations “WebSphere continues the evolution to a single Web services-enabled, Java™ 2 Enterprise Edition (J2EE) application server and development environment that addresses the essential elements needed for an on demand operating environment.” –http://www-3.ibm.com/software/info1/websphere IBM & Globus Project developing grid computing with JBoss and IBM WebSphere –http://www-1.ibm.com/grid/grid_strategy.shtml –http://www.javaworld.com/javaworld/jw-09-2002/jw-0906-grid.html

6. The J2EE Framework 6 External Application Java Technologies

7. The J2EE Framework 7 J2EE Container Component Based Architecture Applications are built from components –Java class files –Configuration files (usually XML) –Data files (html, images, directories,…) Components are packaged into archives for deployment –jar : Java Application Resource –war : Web Application Resource –ear : Enterprise Application Resource

8. The J2EE Framework 8 J2EE Container Deploying Applications J2EE server specific –Some provide GUI tools to build and deploy applications (WebSphere, BEA WebLogic) –Some require editing XML configuration files (JBoss) JBoss –Drop.ear archive files into a “deploy” directory Hot deploy & redeploy

9. The J2EE Framework 9 Java Technologies JNDI –namespaces, ldap JDBC –database connectivity JAAS –authentication JTA –transactions JMX –management & monitoring JavaMail –email EJB –business logic & data JMS –messaging CORBA –remote procedure calls SOAP –web services RMI –remote method invocation Servlets –web logic JSP –web presentation XML –portability

10. The J2EE Framework 10 JNDI Java Naming & Directory Interface Provides namespace support for J2EE –Beans located by name within container namespace –Application attributes located by name within application local namespace Controlled access from external servers Access to LDAP directories

11. The J2EE Framework 11 JDBC Java DataBase Connectivity Java equivalent of ODBC (Open DataBase Connectivity) Java API that enables Java programs to execute SQL statements. This allows Java programs to interact with any SQL-compliant database

12. The J2EE Framework 12 JAAS Java Authentication and Authorization Service Implements a Java version of the standard Pluggable Authentication Module (PAM) frameworkPAM Supports user-based authorization Access control at every level

13. The J2EE Framework 13 JTA Java Transaction API 1 of 2 Specifies standard interfaces between a transaction manager (e.g. JBoss) and the parties involved in a distributed transaction system: –the resource manager –the application server –and the transactional applications Two types of transaction paradigm –Declarative for entity & session beans –Programmatic for session beans & servlets

14. The J2EE Framework 14 JTA Java Transaction API 2 of 2 Provides “ACID” transaction support –Atomicity –Consistency –Isolation –Durability

15. The J2EE Framework 15 JMS Java Message Service Point to point messaging –each message has only one consumer –used to decouple applications Publish/subscribe messaging –each message may have multiple consumers

16. The J2EE Framework 16 EJB Enterprise Java Bean Bean –originally a Java class with get() and set() methods –e.g.: getFirstName(), setFirstName() EJBs come in 3 flavors:

17. The J2EE Framework 17 EJB – Entity Bean Entity Bean Represent actual data items (e.g. rows in a result set) Two forms of Entity Bean –Container managed persistence: DB interactions handled by the J2EE environment –Bean managed persistence: requires that the bean carries out DB interactions itself May be called across network connection (RMI)

18. The J2EE Framework 18 Session Bean Model a process or task Represent resources private to the client May update shared data Two forms of Session Bean –Stateful: state maintained between method calls –Stateless One client per session bean instance EJB – Session Bean

19. The J2EE Framework 19 Message Driven Bean Used in conjunction with Java Messaging System Activated on JMS message arrival No state maintained between activations APPLICATION message queue EJB – Message Driven Bean ***** * * session facade

20. The J2EE Framework 20 Servlets Used for web applications Extend functionality of an HTTP server Replace CGIs Servlet support defined by specification Filters are part of the spec Consist of get and post methods for requests

21. The J2EE Framework 21 History: Applets Applets Not part of the J2EE framework Web-deliverable applications Run on client Problems –Require correct JVM on client –Difficult to write and change –Presentation and logic combined

22. The J2EE Framework 22 Servlets: JSP Java Server Pages Interactive web pages – Extension of Servlet technology Similar to ASP Standard Tag Libraries available –Struts: MVC framework Industry standard Extensible –Can define and implement tag libraries –Used by numerous vendors, including ColdFusion MX

23. The J2EE Framework 23 Servlets: Filters Filters Transform HTTP requests and responses filter servlet requestrequest response response

24. The J2EE Framework 24 XSLT stylesheet Servlets: Filters Filter Example: The Kiosk Kiosk request XMLXHTML response browser

25. The J2EE Framework 25 Examples Example Applications The Kiosk Clones Web Forms RCS User Profile Manager Conference Site Management

26. The J2EE Framework 26 Example: The Kiosk Departmental news service Role-based content management Proof of concept

27. The J2EE Framework 27 Example: The Kiosk Servlets JSP/XML/XSLT Session Beans Entity Beans article category get article client view admin view restore utility

28. The J2EE Framework 28 Kiosk Clones http://j2ee.rpi.edu/helpdesk http://j2ee.rpi.edu/kiosk http://www.va.rpi.edu http://www.eng.rpi.edu/frame_news.html

29. The J2EE Framework 29 Example: Web Forms Process html & pdf web forms Generate email while hiding recipient email addresses from web Attach files Save values in DB Skin switching Generated by admin tool or externally

30. The J2EE Framework 30 Example: Web Forms

31. The J2EE Framework 31 Servlets JSP/XML/XSLT Session Beans Entity Beans Message Driven Beans Example: Web Forms client view admin view Form Defs Form Values Attachments mail.rpi.edu utility submit message queue send mail send mail

32. The J2EE Framework 32 Example: RCS Profile Manager Billing information Passwords Web mail quota Disk usage Library passwords EZ-Snapshot usage General Info More to come

33. The J2EE Framework 33 Example: Conference Site Self registration To come: Credit-card payment Integrated forums More user management Events scheduling News posting

34. The J2EE Framework 34 Vendor Solutions Purchased Applications Many vendors build in the J2EE paradigm Can deploy on the same application server Example: Jive Forums –Servlet application –http://www.jivesoftware.com –http://jiveforums.rpi.edu:8080/jive

35. The J2EE Framework 35 Future Directions Current & Future Projects Web Services Calendar Systems Directory File Services

36. The J2EE Framework 36 Thank you References and Useful Links J2EE: –http://java.sun.com/j2ee/ –http://java.sun.com/j2ee/j2ee_guide.pdf JBoss: –http://www.jboss.org Development Tools: –http://jakarta.apache.org –http://www.w3.org IBM & Grid Computing: –http://www.javaworld.com/javaworld/jw-09-2002/jw-0906-grid_p.html Oracle & Banner: –http://www.oracle.com/ip/deploy/ias/ –http://technet.oracle.com/oramag/webcolumns/2003/opinion/otn_forms.html –http://www.sct.com/Education/Products/Solutions/EsTechOracle.html Our J2EE presentations: –http://www.rpi.edu/dept/cct/public/j2ee/