1. 1 Pertemuan 21 & 22 Enhancing Management Decision Making for the Digital Firm Matakuliah: J0454 / Sistem Informasi Manajemen Tahun: 2006 Versi: 1 / 1

2. 2 Learning Outcomes Pada akhir pertemuan ini, diharapkan mahasiswa akan mampu : Mahasiswa akan dapat menunjukkan strategi penerapan Sistem Penunjang Keputusan  C3

3. 3 Outline Materi Decision-Support Systems Types of DSS Componets of DSS Executive Support in the Enterprise Benefits of ESS ESS and the Digital Firm

4. 4 Computer system at the management level of an organizationComputer system at the management level of an organization Combines data, analytical tools, and modelsCombines data, analytical tools, and models Supports semi-structured and unstructured decision-makingSupports semi-structured and unstructured decision-making DECISION-SUPPORT SYSTEMS (DSS)

5. 5 MIS Provides reports based on routine flow of dataProvides reports based on routine flow of data Assists in general control of the organizationAssists in general control of the organization DECISION-SUPPORT SYSTEMS (DSS) MIS and DSS

6. 6 DSS Emphasizes change, flexibility, rapid response, models, assumptions, ad hoc queries, and display graphicsEmphasizes change, flexibility, rapid response, models, assumptions, ad hoc queries, and display graphics DECISION-SUPPORT SYSTEMS (DSS) MIS and DSS

7. 7 Model-driven DSS Primarily stand-alonePrimarily stand-alone Uses model to perform “what-if” and other kinds of analysisUses model to perform “what-if” and other kinds of analysis DECISION-SUPPORT SYSTEMS (DSS) Types of Decision-Support Systems

8. 8 Data-driven DSS Allows users to extract and analyze useful information from large databasesAllows users to extract and analyze useful information from large databasesDatamining Finds hidden patterns and relationships in large databases to infer rulesFinds hidden patterns and relationships in large databases to infer rules Knowledge discoveryKnowledge discovery DECISION-SUPPORT SYSTEMS (DSS) Types of Decision-Support Systems

9. 9 DECISION-SUPPORT SYSTEMS (DSS) Figure 11-1

10. 10 DECISION-SUPPORT SYSTEMS (DSS) Overview of a Decision-Support System (DSS) Figure 11-2

11. 11 DSS database: c ollection of current or historical data DSS software system: c ollection of software tools/mathematical and analytical models User interface: easy interaction DECISION-SUPPORT SYSTEMS (DSS) Components of Decision-Support Systems

12. 12 Model Abstract representation illustrating components or relationshipsAbstract representation illustrating components or relationships Sensitivity analysis Asks “what-if” questions repeatedly to determine the impact of changeAsks “what-if” questions repeatedly to determine the impact of change DECISION-SUPPORT SYSTEMS (DSS) Components of Decision-Support Systems

13. 13 DECISION-SUPPORT SYSTEMS (DSS) Sensitivity Analysis Figure 11-3

14. 14 General Accident Insurance: Customer buying patterns and fraud detectionGeneral Accident Insurance: Customer buying patterns and fraud detection Bank of America: Customer profilesBank of America: Customer profiles Frito-Lay, Inc.: Price, advertising, and promotion selectionFrito-Lay, Inc.: Price, advertising, and promotion selection DECISION-SUPPORT SYSTEMS (DSS) DSS Applications and the Digital Firm

15. 15 Burlington Coat Factory: Store location and inventory mixBurlington Coat Factory: Store location and inventory mix Keycorp: Targeting direct mail marketing customersKeycorp: Targeting direct mail marketing customers National Gypsum: Corporate planning and forecastingNational Gypsum: Corporate planning and forecasting DECISION-SUPPORT SYSTEMS (DSS) DSS Applications and the Digital Firm

16. 16 Southern Railway: Train dispatching and routingSouthern Railway: Train dispatching and routing Texas Oil and Gas Corporation: Evaluation of potential drilling sitesTexas Oil and Gas Corporation: Evaluation of potential drilling sites United Airlines: Flight scheduling, passenger demand forecastingUnited Airlines: Flight scheduling, passenger demand forecasting DECISION-SUPPORT SYSTEMS (DSS) DSS Applications and the Digital Firm

17. 17 U.S. Department of Defense: Defense contract analysisU.S. Department of Defense: Defense contract analysis DECISION-SUPPORT SYSTEMS (DSS) DSS Applications and the Digital Firm

18. 18 Comprehensive examination of supply management chainComprehensive examination of supply management chain Searches for most efficient and cost- effective combinationSearches for most efficient and cost- effective combination Reduces overall costsReduces overall costs Increases speed and accuracy of filling customer ordersIncreases speed and accuracy of filling customer orders DECISION-SUPPORT SYSTEMS (DSS) DSS for Supply Chain Management

19. 19 Uses data mining to guide decisionsUses data mining to guide decisions Consolidates customer information into massive data warehousesConsolidates customer information into massive data warehouses Uses various analytical tools to slice information into small segmentsUses various analytical tools to slice information into small segments DECISION-SUPPORT SYSTEMS (DSS) DSS for Customer Relationship Management

20. 20 DECISION-SUPPORT SYSTEMS (DSS) DSS for Customer Analysis and Segmentation Figure 11-4

21. 21 Geographic Information Systems (GIS) Software for analyzing and displaying data using digitized mapsSoftware for analyzing and displaying data using digitized maps Enhances planning and decision-makingEnhances planning and decision-making Use data visualization technologyUse data visualization technology DECISION-SUPPORT SYSTEMS (DSS) DSS for Simulating Business Scenarios

22. 22 Customer Decision-Support Systems (CDSS) Support decision-making process of an existing or potential customerSupport decision-making process of an existing or potential customer DECISION-SUPPORT SYSTEMS (DSS) Web-Based Customer Decision-Support Systems

23. 23 Interactive computer-based systemInteractive computer-based system Facilitates solution to unstructured problemsFacilitates solution to unstructured problems Set of decision makers working together as a groupSet of decision makers working together as a group GROUP DECISION-SUPPORT SYSTEMS (GDSS) What Is a GDSS?

24. 24 Hardware: Conference facility, electronic hardwareHardware: Conference facility, electronic hardware Software tools: Tools for organizing ideas, gathering information, and ranking and seeking prioritiesSoftware tools: Tools for organizing ideas, gathering information, and ranking and seeking priorities People: Participants, trained facilitator, staff supporting hardware and softwarePeople: Participants, trained facilitator, staff supporting hardware and software GROUP DECISION-SUPPORT SYSTEMS (GDSS) Characteristics of GDSS

25. 25 Electronic questionnairesElectronic questionnaires Electronic brainstorming toolsElectronic brainstorming tools Idea organizersIdea organizers Questionnaire toolsQuestionnaire tools GROUP DECISION-SUPPORT SYSTEMS (GDSS) GDSS Software Tools

26. 26 Tools for voting or setting prioritiesTools for voting or setting priorities Stakeholder identification and analysis toolsStakeholder identification and analysis tools GROUP DECISION-SUPPORT SYSTEMS (GDSS) GDSS Software Tools

27. 27 DECISION-SUPPORT SYSTEMS (DSS) Figure 11-5 Group Interaction Session Manager Session Planning Idea Generation Idea Organization Prioritizing Policy Development Brainstorming Topic Commenter Group Outliner Idea Organizer Issue Analyzer Group Writer Vote Selection Alternative Eval. Questionnaire Group Matrix Policy Formation Stakeholder ID. Organizational Memory Enterprise Analyzer Graphical Browser Group Dictionary Brief Case Access to information Personal productivity

28. 28 Improved preplanningImproved preplanning Increased participationIncreased participation Open, collaborative meeting atmosphereOpen, collaborative meeting atmosphere Criticism-free idea generationCriticism-free idea generation Evaluation objectivityEvaluation objectivity GROUP DECISION-SUPPORT SYSTEMS (GDSS) How GDSS can Enhance Group Decision-Making

29. 29 Executive Support Systems (ESS): Information system at strategic level of an organizationInformation system at strategic level of an organization Addresses unstructured decision-making through advanced graphics and communicationsAddresses unstructured decision-making through advanced graphics and communications EXECUTIVE SUPPORT IN THE ENTERPRISE

30. 30 Brings together data from the entire organizationBrings together data from the entire organization Allows managers to select, access, and tailor dataAllows managers to select, access, and tailor data Enables executive and any subordinates to look at the same data in the same wayEnables executive and any subordinates to look at the same data in the same way GROUP DECISION-SUPPORT SYSTEMS (GDSS) The Role of Executive Support Systems in the Organization

31. 31 Developing ESS: Ease of useEase of use Facility for environmental scanningFacility for environmental scanning External and internal sources of information to be used for environmental scanningExternal and internal sources of information to be used for environmental scanning GROUP DECISION-SUPPORT SYSTEMS (GDSS) The Role of Executive Support Systems in the Organization

32. 32 Analyzes, compares, and highlights trendsAnalyzes, compares, and highlights trends Provides greater clarity and insight into dataProvides greater clarity and insight into data Speeds up decision-makingSpeeds up decision-making GROUP DECISION-SUPPORT SYSTEMS (GDSS) Benefits of Executive Support Systems

33. 33 Improves management performanceImproves management performance Increases management’s span of controlIncreases management’s span of control Better monitoring of activitiesBetter monitoring of activities GROUP DECISION-SUPPORT SYSTEMS (GDSS) Benefits of Executive Support Systems

34. 34 ESS for business intelligence: Identifies changing market conditionsIdentifies changing market conditions Formulates responsesFormulates responses Tracks implementation effortsTracks implementation efforts Learns from feedbackLearns from feedback GROUP DECISION-SUPPORT SYSTEMS (GDSS) Executive Support Systems and the Digital Firm

35. 35 Monitoring corporate performance: balanced scorecard systems Model for analyzing firm performanceModel for analyzing firm performance Supplements traditional financial measures with measurements from additional business perspectivesSupplements traditional financial measures with measurements from additional business perspectives GROUP DECISION-SUPPORT SYSTEMS (GDSS) Executive Support Systems and the Digital Firm

36. 36 Strategic performance management tools for enterprise systems SAP: Web-enabled mySAP.com™, Management CockpitSAP: Web-enabled mySAP.com™, Management Cockpit PeopleSoft: Web-enabled Enterprise Performance Management (EPM)PeopleSoft: Web-enabled Enterprise Performance Management (EPM) Oracle: Strategic Enterprise ManagementOracle: Strategic Enterprise Management GROUP DECISION-SUPPORT SYSTEMS (GDSS) Enterprise Wide Reporting and Analysis

37. 37 Sumber Materi PPT Laudon, Kenneth C. and Jane P. Laudon (2004). Management Information Systems (8th Edition). Prentice Hall. Bab 11. Official PPT.