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HLS, July 4, 2002
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tales of the allowed
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(1) broadcasters
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1934
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1934 organ recital
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1934 organ recital Empire State Building
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1934 organ recital Empire State Building Long Island
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FM radio
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less static
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higher fidelity
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penetrates ionosphere
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RCA
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“I thought Armstrong would invent some kind of a filter to remove static from our AM radio. I didn’t think he’d start a revolution -- start up a whole damn new industry to compete with RCA.”
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“I thought Armstrong would invent some kind of a filter to remove static from our AM radio. I didn't think he’d start a revolution -- start up a whole damn new industry to compete with RCA.”
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FCC
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patents
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6 years
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1954
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FM
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Not allowed.
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(2) operators
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1964
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1964 Paul Baran
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1964 Paul Baran Rand
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1964 Paul Baran Rand Department of Defense
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“packet switching”
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AT&T
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(1) “will never possibly work”
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(2) “damned if we’ll allow the creation of a competitor to ourself.”
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The Internet.
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Not allowed.
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1.Creativity and innovation always builds on the past.
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2. The past always tries to control the creativity that builds on it.
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3. Free societies enable the future by limiting the past.
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4. Ours is less and less a free society.
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internet is an architecture
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it is an architecture that allows
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“end-to-end argument” saltzer, clark and reed
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e2e
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put intelligence at the ends; keep network simple
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Simple networks,
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Simple networks, smart applications.
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AT&T uses may I?
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AT&T uses allowed
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e2e uses
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e2e uses
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e2e uses
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e2e uses “want”
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an architecture that allows
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consequences
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Arch(AT&T) vs. Arch(e2e)
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(1) Number of innovators: AT&T = # owners of network
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(1) Number of innovators: e2e = # people connected to the network
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(2) Kinds of innovation: AT&T = innovation that benefits the network owners
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(2) Kinds of innovation: e2e = innovation that people want
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“innovations”
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Kahn/Cerf
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“innovations” Kahn/Cerf—kids
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“innovations” Kahn/Cerf—kids World Wide Web
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“innovations” Kahn/Cerf—kids World Wide Web— CERN/Swiss
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“innovations” Kahn/Cerf—kids World Wide Web— CERN/Swiss ICQ
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“innovations” Kahn/Cerf—kids World Wide Web— CERN/Swiss ICQ—Israeli
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“innovations” Kahn/Cerf—kids World Wide Web— CERN/Swiss ICQ—Israeli HoTMaiL
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“innovations” Kahn/Cerf—kids World Wide Web— CERN/Swiss ICQ—Israeli HoTMaiL—Indian
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kids & non-Americans
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not network owners
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b/c of e2e
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where is e2e?
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the Internet Content Logical Physical
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the Internet Content Logicale2e Physical
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the Internet Content Windows mp3s Logicale2e Physical
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the Internet Content Windows mp3s Logicale2e Physicaltelephones
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the Internet Content Windows mp3s Logicale2e Physicalcable
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the Internet Content Windows mp3s Logicale2e Physical cable wireless
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the Internet Content Windows mp3s Logical Free Physical cable wireless
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the Internet ContentFree/Control Logical Free Physical cable wireless
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the Internet ContentFree/Control Logical Free Physical Free to Controlled
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a “pure” router
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blind
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a “smart” router blind
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a “smart” router blind intelligence
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a “smart” router blind intelligence who
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a “smart” router blind intelligence who what
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a “smart” router blind intelligence who what where
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a “smart” router I can see! intelligence who what where
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smart routers
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discriminating routers
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power to “allow”
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corrupting e2e
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e.g.
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“cable families”
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Video
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?
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“blood sucked from our veins.”
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the Internet ContentFree/Control Logical e2e Physicalcable
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the Cable-net ContentFree/Control Logical e2e Physicalcable corrupted core e2e
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the Cable-net ContentFree/Control Logical e2e Physicalcable corrupted core e2e Help!
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innovation as network allows
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content as network allows
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end of e2e
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