1. 1 Audio Video Production Copyright © Texas Education Agency, 2012. All rights reserved. Images and other multimedia content used with permission. L IGHTING T ECHNIQUES

2. TV Studio Lighting Copyright © Texas Education Agency, 2012. All rights reserved. Images and other multimedia content used with permission. 2 Benefit: complete control over lighting Function: to light talent and the surroundings Naming: lights have specific names that indicate: the instrument’s function placement in the lighting setup U.S. National Archives’ Identifier No. 412-DA-13926

3. Key Light 3Copyright © Texas Education Agency, 2012. All rights reserved. Images and other multimedia content used with permission. Type: spotlight (usually a Fresnel spotlight) Placement: main light falling on subject or area Function: reveal the basic shape of the subject meet minimum base light requirements should create a sparkle in the eyes

4. Fill Light Type: floodlight (or spotlight set to flood position) Placement: placed opposite the key Function: illuminates the subject softens shadows 4Copyright © Texas Education Agency, 2012. All rights reserved. Images and other multimedia content used with permission.

5. Back Light Type: spotlight, usually with barn doors (also called rim light) Function: separates the subject from the background illuminates hair and shoulders 5Copyright © Texas Education Agency, 2012. All rights reserved. Images and other multimedia content used with permission.

6. Background Light Also called set light Function: Used to illuminate the background and set 6Copyright © Texas Education Agency, 2012. All rights reserved. Images and other multimedia content used with permission.

7. Lighting Placement The basic lighting setup in most studio situations is three-point lighting. also called 7Copyright © Texas Education Agency, 2012. All rights reserved. Images and other multimedia content used with permission. triangle lighting formula lighting

8. Lighting Angle 8Copyright © Texas Education Agency, 2012. All rights reserved. Images and other multimedia content used with permission. Most light angles strike the subjects from above, thus mimicking light in the natural world.

9. Key Light Placement 45 o angle to the left or right of subject Placed on the talent’s “best” side Higher than the subject Lights ¾ of the face Strikes subject from above at a 45 o angle 9Copyright © Texas Education Agency, 2012. All rights reserved. Images and other multimedia content used with permission.

10. Fill Light Placement Placed on opposite side of the subject from the key Lower than the key 10Copyright © Texas Education Agency, 2012. All rights reserved. Images and other multimedia content used with permission.

11. Back Light Placement Behind the subject Opposite the camera 11Copyright © Texas Education Agency, 2012. All rights reserved. Images and other multimedia content used with permission.

12. Background Light Placement Placed on same side as key light. Placed at same angle as key light. Placed on same plane as the subject. Aimed at background and scenery—not at subject. 12Copyright © Texas Education Agency, 2012. All rights reserved. Images and other multimedia content used with permission.

13. Light Plot Similar to a floor plan. Shows placement of all lighting instruments. Includes type and size (wattage) of each instrument. Indicates the direction of the light beam. 13Copyright © Texas Education Agency, 2012. All rights reserved. Images and other multimedia content used with permission. #3 Back Light #1 Key Light #2 Fill Light