1. 1 st UNSTABLE Science Workshop 18-19 April 2007 Outline Taylor Factors important for CI Science Question 1 What do we need to resolve processes? Required Instrumentation and deployment Sills Further instrumentation and deployment strategies (ATMOS, AMMOS, Aircraft)

2. EC ATMOS Surface Mesonet Stations O3 sensor? PM sensor? Additional: Wind DeltaT T / RH + Fast T Precip Pressure Cell antenna Solar Panel DeltaT Logger Solar Radiation

3. Why collect 1 min avg mesonet data? 4 boundary passages within ~ 1 hr, 3 in 18 min! Sydney 2000 Project 1 min average surface station data

4. How will the ATMOS units be used? Use both grid and line siting approaches Collect data as 1 min averages Augment mesonet with stations from other networks

5. PM sensor? Photo / video Additional: EC AMMOS Mobile Unit Wind GPS Logger Pressure T / RH + Fast T (ventilated) Compass Rugged Laptop + Backup

6. Are hi-res / fast-response obs needed?

7. How will the AMMOS unit be used? Collect data at 1 s intervals Measure gradients across boundaries (met and land use) Fill in holes in mesonet as needed

8. What are the benefits of aircraft obs? Twin Otter during ELBOW 2001 18 July 1751 UTC

10. Erie Huron Horizontal and vertical winds

11. Erie Huron Cloud base (LCL) No Cu Building Cu No Cu Sloped interface, shallow inflow Erect interface, deeper inflow

12. Temperature (C)

13. Water Content (g m -3 )

14. Cloud Nuclei (g m -3 )

16. Skew-T Diagram Aircraft descending profile over land TTd

17. Skew-T Diagram Aircraft descending profile over water TTd

18. Jun 19 18Z Ascending profile over land vs. rawinsonde data at ~same time

19. Vertical Wind Incident Solar Radiation Lake Huron Aircraft about 300 m below cloud base, large updrafts beneath clouds. Lake Huron LBF Surface Temp

20. How would an aircraft be used? ‘Mesoscale Boundary’ flight path? Ground 0 1 km 2 km 3 km

21. Questions?