1. History of the Earth Chapter 1: Formation of the Earth From the Big Bang to Early Planets

2. Origin of the Solar System: The Data

3. 1. 99% of the mass of the solar system is in the sun

4. 2. We know the composition of the sun

5. 3. Planets orbit the sun in the plane of the sun’s equator

6. 4. Planets come in two groups: Terrestrial Planets MercuryVenusEarth Mars - Small, Dense and made of Rock and Iron

7. 4. Planets come in two groups: Jovian Planets Jupiter Saturn Uranus Neptune - Large, Low Density, and Made of Gas and Ice

8. Asteroids Mathilde & Eros (NEAR) Ida & Dactyl

9. Kuiper Belt & Pluto

10. 5. Meteorites

11. Chondrites Carbonaceous Ordinary

12. Chondrules under a scope X-Ray Image

13. Abundance of Elements in Carbonaceous Chondrites

14. Achondrite - Stony Meterorite A stone from the Stannern eucrite shower that fell over Moravia, Czech Republic in 1808.

15. Iron Meteorite

16. Stony-Iron: Palasite Olivine Iron

17. 6. Properties of the Earth

18. Origin of the Solar System: Interpretation Solar Nebula Hypothesis

19. 1. Start With a Nebula Something (Supernova?) Triggers Nebula to Collapse

21. 2. Nebula Collapses to form Protostar (Early Sun)

25. Protostar Formation

26. 3. Residual Material Begins to Cool and Accrete

27. 3a. “Gas” Segregated by Melting Temperature and Condenses

28. 3b. Accretion: Dust Particles Accrete into Planetesimals

29. 3b. Planetesimals Accrete into Planets

30. DaDa! - A Solar System

31. Dust Disks Around Young Stars

33. Extrasolar Planets

34. First Extra- Solar Planet Photographed (2005)

35. 4. Terrestrial Planets Heat up and Differentiate: Iron Catastrophe Heat Comes From: 1.Kinetic Energy of Accretion 2.Gravitational Energy 3.Radioactive Decay 4.Differentiation

36. Earth’s Interior

37. Meteorite Sources

38. Meteorites & Solar System Age Formation: 4.56 billion years Meteorites all with 20 myrs (earliest within few Myrs of supernova) Supernova to sun and planetesimals - few million years! Layered earth about 96±12 Myrs after meteorites Nebula to layered earth & moon - about 100 Myrs

39. Earth in the Early Hadean? 2004 - Fred Sulahria