1. Morphology: The analysis of word structure
Deny A. Kwary

2. Main Divisions of Word Classes (Parts of Speech):
Nouns
Verbs
Adjectives
Adverbs
Content Words
Function Words
Conjunctions
Prepositions
Articles
Pronouns

3. Exercise: Determine the word class of each of the following words
betterment
the
him
elegant
inconvenience
eloquently
comply
inasmuch as
over
Noun
Article
Pronoun
Adjective
Adverb
Verb
Conjunction
Preposition

4. Word and Morpheme Word: the smallest free form
Morpheme: the smallest meaningful unit
Word  simple and complex
E.g. hunt and hunter
Morpheme  free and bound
E.g. hunt and -er

5. Question #1, p.173 Fly  Simple, no bm, fly Desks  Complex, -s, desk
Untie  Complex, un-, tie
Tree  Simple, no bm, tree
Dislike  Complex, dis-, like
Reuse  Complex, re-, use
Triumphed  Complex, -ed, triumph
Delight  Simple, no bm, delight
Justly  Complex, -ly, just

6. Derivation vs. Inflection (1)
It changes the category and/or the type of meaning of the word, so it is said to create a new word.
e.g. suffix –ment in government
It does not change either the grammatical category or the type of meaning found in the word.
e.g. suffix –s in books

7. Derivation vs. Inflection (2)
A derivational affix must combine with the base before an inflectional affix.
e.g. neighbour (base) + hood (DA) + s (IA)
= neighbourhoods
The following combination is unacceptable:
neighbour (base) + s (IA) + hood (DA)
= *neighbourshood

8. Derivation vs. Inflection (3)
An inflectional affix in more productive than a derivational affix.
e.g. the inflectional suffix –s can combine with virtually any noun to form a plural noun.
On the other hand,
the derivational suffix –ant can combine only with Latinate bases.

9. English Inflectional Morphemes
Nouns
–s plural
–’s possessive
Verbs
–s third person singular present
–ed past tense
–en past participle
–ing progressive
Adjectives
–er comparative
–est superlative

10. Inflections in other languages
Case: in Turkish and Latin (p. 166)
Tense: in Chibemba (p. 170)

11. Some examples of English Derivational Morpheme
-ic : Noun  Adj ; alcohol  alcoholic
-ly : Adj  Adv ; exact  exactly
-ate : Noun  Verb ; vaccin  vaccinate
-ity : Adj  Noun ; active  activity
-ship : Noun  Noun ; friend  friendship
re : Verb  Verb ; cover  recover

12. Describe the italic affixes:
impossible
terrorized
terrorize
desks
dislike
humanity
fastest
Derivational prefix
Inflectional suffix
Derivational suffix

13. Describe the italic affixes:
premature
untie
darken
fallen
oxen
faster
lecturer
Derivational prefix
Derivational suffix
Inflectional suffix

14. Page 179
Number 18
Number 19

15. Affixation
Prefix: An affix that is attached to the front of a base, e.g. re-play.
Suffix: An affix that is attached to the end of a base, e.g. kind-ness.
Infix: An affix that occur within a base, e.g. (in Indonesian) s-in-ambung.
Confix (Circumfix/Ambifix): An affix that is attached to the front and to the end of a base simultaneously, e.g. (in Indonesian) ke-lapar-an.
Interfix, simulfix, superfix, and transfix.

16. Examples of English Affixes
See pages 145 – 146.

17. Homework (Group Assignment): The answers to be presented by each group next week (prepare a PPT file).
1.Define and give examples of the six types of affixes: infix, confix, interfix, simulfix, superfix, dan transfix. Examples can be derived from English, Indonesian, or Arabic.
2. List English Prefixes which are NOT mentioned on page 146. Determine the word class and give two examples for each prefix.
3. List English Suffixes which are NOT mentioned on pp Determine the word class and give two examples for each suffix.

18. Affixation
To be continued next week
Deny A. Kwary