1. Media concentration Is it harming democracy? Or are worries overblown?

2. Under the Big Apple Boston Globe (1993) Worcester Telegram & Gazette (1999) Boston.com New England Sports Network (14 percent) Boston Red Sox (17 percent) Boston Metro (49 percent)

3. Possible conflicts of interest Red Sox

4. –Game coverage Possible conflicts of interest

5. Red Sox –Game coverage –Stadium

6. Possible conflicts of interest Red Sox –Game coverage –Stadium –Ancillary businesses such as traveltravel

7. Possible conflicts of interest Red Sox –Game coverage –Stadium –Ancillary businesses such as traveltravel –NASCARNASCAR

8. Possible conflicts of interest Red Sox –Game coverage –Stadium –Ancillary businesses such as traveltravel –NASCARNASCAR –Unflattering feature storiesfeature stories

9. Possible conflicts of interest Red Sox Worcester Telegram & Gazette –Media coverage

10. Possible conflicts of interest Red Sox Worcester Telegram & Gazette –Media coverage –Media scandal

11. Possible conflicts of interest Red Sox Worcester Telegram & Gazette –Media coverage –Media scandal –A two-way street

12. Possible conflicts of interest Red Sox Worcester Telegram & Gazette New England Sports Network –What’s a TV critic to do?

13. Possible conflicts of interest Red Sox Worcester Telegram & Gazette New England Sports Network Boston Metro –Boston Herald’s antitrust case

14. Possible conflicts of interest Red Sox Worcester Telegram & Gazette New England Sports Network Boston Metro –Boston Herald’s antitrust case –Putting the Herald out of business

15. Elsewhere in Boston Boston Herald is largest independent daily in New England GateHouse Media of Fairport, N.Y., owns 100+ papers in Eastern Mass. Nearly all TV and radio stations owned by out-of-state corporations

16. A.J. Liebling Legendary media critic for the New Yorker 50 years ago, warned of “one- ownership towns” A publisher’s paradise — “Good, better, bestest”

17. Death of commercial radio Telecommunications Act of 1996 removed most ownership restrictions Clear Channel (Minot, N.D.) and Cumulus (Dixie Chicks) become symbols Why is broadcast different from print?

18. Danny Schechter “The News Dissector” Warns against the “mediaocracy” — “a political system tethered to a media system” Example: Run-up to war in Iraq

19. Setback for monopolists Michael Powell’s FCC proposes more deregulatory goodies in June 2003 A left-right coalition fights back Congress, courts put FCC plan on hold

20. Back to Liebling Liebling’s concern was the one-city monopoly Fewer dailies today than 50 years ago What has changed?

21. Back to Liebling Liebling’s concern was the one-city monopoly Fewer dailies today than 50 years ago What has changed? More concentration, yet more diversity

22. Time Warner CNN, AOL, HBO, and magazines such as Time, People, and Sports Illustrated

23. Viacom/CBS CBS, MTV, Comedy Central, plus numerous broadcast stations

24. Walt Disney Company ABC, ESPN, Disney Channel, movie studios, and radio stations

25. News Corporation FNC, Fox network, worldwide satellite TV, Wall Street Journal, NY Post, and HarperCollins

26. Bertelsmann Major American book publishers such as Knopf, Doubleday, and Random House Reinhard Mohn

27. General Electric NBC, MSNBC, CNBC, television stations, Telemundo and cable channels such as Bravo

28. Tracking media monopolies Columbia Journalism Review has an online tool at www.cjr.org/resourceswww.cjr.org/resources