1. Chapter 3 Fundamentals of the Shot

2. Objectives Understand the difference between scenes and shots.
Visualize a scene in terms of framing, angles, and movement.
 Understand illustrating camera and character movement.

3. What Is a Scene?
 A combination of shots that shoes the action that takes place in one location or setting

4. What Is a Shot?
A continuous view filmed from one perspective

5. Shot Descriptions Camera framing Camera angles Camera movement
How close or far a subject is from the camera
Camera angles
Angling of the camera from which you view the subject.
 Camera movement
The movement of the camera forward, backward, left, right, up, and down

6. Camera Framing Extreme long shot Long shot Full shot Medium shot
Close-up shot

7. Extreme Long Shot Establishes the location or setting
Example: Western landscape

8. Long Shot Shows the location, characters, and action
Example: soccer field and its players

9. Full Shot
Frames the entire height of a person, with the head near the top of the frame and the feet near the bottom

10. Medium Shot
Frames an individual from either the waist up, or from the knees showing the audience just enough to feel as if they are looking at the whole subject

11. Close-up Shot
Shows a character from the shoulders to the top of the head

12. Camera Angles High-angle shot Low-angle shot Eye-level shot
Bird’s eye view
Canted shot
Tilt Shot
Three-quarter shot
Over-the-shoulder shot

13. High-angle Shot
A camera placed higher than the subject (not directly overhead) and tilted downward

14. Low-angle Shot
A camera placed lower than the subject and tilted upward

15. Eye-level Shot
The camera is positioned at eye-level with a character.

16. Bird’s Eye View
The camera is positioned directly overhead of the action

17. Canted Shot
The camera is tilted so that the subject appears to be diagonal and off-balance.

18. Tilt Shot
 A fixed camera that moves on it vertical axis, tilting up or down

19. Three-quarter Shot
Positions the camera between a frontal angle and a profile shot.

20. Over-the-shoulder Shot
Positions the camera over the shoulder of one character, revealing part of the backside of their head and shoulders in the foreground, and focuses on the character facing the camera in the background

21. Camera Movement Pan shot Crane shot Dolly shot Tracking shot Zoom
Zolly shot

22. Pan Shot
A fixed camera pivots on its axis turning from left to right for the purpose of following the action within a shot

23. Crane Shot
A camera positioned on a crane can swoop down or up covering great distances and producing unusual camera angles.

24. Dolly Shot
The camera moves toward a subject (dolly-in) or away from a subject (dolly-out).

25. Tracking Shot
The camera tracks alongside of the object or person.

26. Zoom Shot
Camera stays stationary as the focal length of a lens zooms in or out.
Framing gets ‘tighter’ if the camera zooms in.
Framing gets ‘looser’ if the camera zooms out.

27. Zolly Shot
A dolly shot in combination with a zoom

28. Summary
A storyboard artist must understand the difference between a shot and a scene.
Shots are blocked according to camera framing, angles, and movement.
Camera framing is based on the distance from the subject to the character.
Camera angles add dynamism to a frame and often grab the audience’s attention.