Presentation is loading. Please wait.

Presentation is loading. Please wait.

NATURAL pH OF RAIN Equilibrium with natural CO 2 (280 ppmv) results in a rain pH of 5.7: This pH can be modified by natural acids (H 2 SO 4, HNO 3, RCOOH…)

Published by Modified over 9 years ago

Similar presentations

Presentation on theme: "NATURAL pH OF RAIN Equilibrium with natural CO 2 (280 ppmv) results in a rain pH of 5.7: This pH can be modified by natural acids (H 2 SO 4, HNO 3, RCOOH…)"— Presentation transcript:

1 NATURAL pH OF RAIN Equilibrium with natural CO 2 (280 ppmv) results in a rain pH of 5.7: This pH can be modified by natural acids (H 2 SO 4, HNO 3, RCOOH…) and bases (NH 3, CaCO 3 )  natural rain has a pH in range 5-7 “Acid rain” refers to rain with pH < 5  damage to ecosystems

2 PRECIPITATION PH OVER THE UNITED STATES

3 CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF PRECIPITATION Neutralization by NH 3 is illusory because NH 4 +  NH 3 + H + in ecosystem

4

5 CONTRAST TO THE AEROSOL DISTRIBUTION: Highest concentrations in industrial Midwest (coal-fired power plants) SulfateNitrate Ammonium Acidity Park et al. [2006]

6 LONG-TERM TREND IN US SO 2 EMISSIONS

7 AMMONIUM AND SULFATE TRENDS, 1985-2004 NH 4 + SO 4 2- Lehmann et al. [2007]

8 TREND IN FREQUENCY OF ACID RAIN (pH < 5) Lehmann et al. [2007] 1994-1996 2002-2004

9 BUT ECOSYSTEM ACIDIFICATION IS PARTLY A TITRATION PROBLEM FROM ACID INPUT OVER MANY YEARS Acid-neutralizing capacity (ANC) from CaCO 3 and other bases Acid flux F H+

10 DEPLETION OF BASE CATIONS FROM ACID RAIN (Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest, New Hampshire)

11

Download ppt "NATURAL pH OF RAIN Equilibrium with natural CO 2 (280 ppmv) results in a rain pH of 5.7: This pH can be modified by natural acids (H 2 SO 4, HNO 3, RCOOH…)"

Similar presentations

Acid Rain RUSSELL R. DICKERSON. Sandstone portal Figure on Herten Castle in Ruhr district of Germany. Sculpted 1702; photographed in 1908.

Acid Rain RUSSELL R. DICKERSON. Sandstone portal Figure on Herten Castle in Ruhr district of Germany. Sculpted 1702; photographed in 1908.
Air Pollution and Stratospheric Ozone Depletion

Air Pollution and Stratospheric Ozone Depletion
Contents Review of pH Definition of acid rain Pollutants that create acid rain: a. sulfur dioxide b. nitrogen oxide c. ammonia IV. Acid rain ecosystem.

Contents Review of pH Definition of acid rain Pollutants that create acid rain: a. sulfur dioxide b. nitrogen oxide c. ammonia IV. Acid rain ecosystem.
FINE AEROSOL COMPOSITION IN NORTH AMERICA Annual mean PM 2.5 concentrations (NARSTO, 2004) Current air quality standard is 15  g m -3.

FINE AEROSOL COMPOSITION IN NORTH AMERICA Annual mean PM 2.5 concentrations (NARSTO, 2004) Current air quality standard is 15  g m -3.
Soil pH Paulo Pagliari Department of Soil, Water, and Climate

Soil pH Paulo Pagliari Department of Soil, Water, and Climate
Analysis of Tropical Rain Forest Soil & Tropical Dry Forest Tree  Determination of Soil pH  Comparison of Available NH4-N and NO3-N  Comparison of %

Analysis of Tropical Rain Forest Soil & Tropical Dry Forest Tree  Determination of Soil pH  Comparison of Available NH4-N and NO3-N  Comparison of %
Acid rain and mercury. NATURAL pH OF RAIN Equilibrium with natural CO 2 (280 ppmv) results in a rain pH of 5.7: This pH can be modified by natural acids.

Acid rain and mercury. NATURAL pH OF RAIN Equilibrium with natural CO 2 (280 ppmv) results in a rain pH of 5.7: This pH can be modified by natural acids.
Lecture Goals To review how pH and alkalinity work.

Lecture Goals To review how pH and alkalinity work.
Acid Rain Acid deposition consists of delivery of acid substances or precursors, principally sulfur and nitrogen oxides, acids, and salts, from the atmosphere.

Acid Rain Acid deposition consists of delivery of acid substances or precursors, principally sulfur and nitrogen oxides, acids, and salts, from the atmosphere.
Monitoring Chemical Climate Change in America The Case for Ammonia V. Bowersox, C. Lehmann, B. Larson Acknowledge – R. Claybrooke NADP Program Office.

Monitoring Chemical Climate Change in America The Case for Ammonia V. Bowersox, C. Lehmann, B. Larson Acknowledge – R. Claybrooke NADP Program Office.
Soil Buffering and Management of Acid Soils. pH pH = - log (H + ) If (H + ) = 1 x 10 -3 mol/L (H + ) = 0.001 mol/L pH = - log (1 x 10 -3 ) pH = - (-3)

Soil Buffering and Management of Acid Soils. pH pH = - log (H + ) If (H + ) = 1 x mol/L (H + ) = mol/L pH = - log (1 x ) pH = - (-3)
Acid Deposition Lake Barkevatn in Norway used to have healthy stocks of trout and perch. As a result of acid rain, the trout stock died out in the mid-1970s.

Acid Deposition Lake Barkevatn in Norway used to have healthy stocks of trout and perch. As a result of acid rain, the trout stock died out in the mid-1970s.
NATURAL AND TRANSBOUNDARY INFLUENCES ON PARTICULATE MATTER IN THE UNITED STATES: IMPLICATIONS FOR THE EPA REGIONAL HAZE RULE Rokjin J. Park ACCESS VII,

NATURAL AND TRANSBOUNDARY INFLUENCES ON PARTICULATE MATTER IN THE UNITED STATES: IMPLICATIONS FOR THE EPA REGIONAL HAZE RULE Rokjin J. Park ACCESS VII,
Acid rain. Hydrologic cycle Evaporation Transpiration Condensation Precipitation Processes that cycle water between air and earth surface.

Acid rain. Hydrologic cycle Evaporation Transpiration Condensation Precipitation Processes that cycle water between air and earth surface.
Contents I.History of Hubbard Brook II.Watershed Concept III.Discovery of Acid Rain IV.Long-term Monitoring V.Ecosystem Recovery.

Contents I.History of Hubbard Brook II.Watershed Concept III.Discovery of Acid Rain IV.Long-term Monitoring V.Ecosystem Recovery.
Ecosystem Responses to

Ecosystem Responses to
When identified? 19 th century – 1800’s Where? England Who? pharmacist Robert Angus Smith How? What is it?

When identified? 19 th century – 1800’s Where? England Who? pharmacist Robert Angus Smith How? What is it?
PH, acid neutralizing capacity & acid rain Announcements Canoe trip canceled due to high water (discharge more than doubled between last Thursday and Sunday!

PH, acid neutralizing capacity & acid rain Announcements Canoe trip canceled due to high water (discharge more than doubled between last Thursday and Sunday!
QUESTIONS 1.Is the rate of reaction of S(IV) more likely to be slower than calculated for a cloud droplet or a rain droplet? Why? 2.If you wanted to determine.

QUESTIONS 1.Is the rate of reaction of S(IV) more likely to be slower than calculated for a cloud droplet or a rain droplet? Why? 2.If you wanted to determine.
Air Quality - Pollution

Air Quality - Pollution

Similar presentations

Ads by Google