1. Britain Before Reform

2. England’s Population 1701: 5 million 1750: 5.8 million 1801: 8.67 million 1831: 13.3 million

3. Aristocracy and Gentry Not much change to 1815 More mannered after

4. Education Eton

5. Harrow

6. Public School Not private tutors, so public (with others) Not state supported

7. Eton Uniform

8. Aristocratic Roles Politics Business Idleness Military Church

9. Primogeniture Eldest son inherits everything Contractual tradition Result: fewer titled nobility

10. Middle Class Home-centered Women not to work

12. Laboring Classes Hand workers Artisans Agricultural workers Servants

13. Poverty natural Not degrading Poor relief ok Deserving vs. Undeserving poor

14. Poor Law Elizabethan

15. Government Mixed (one, many, few)

16. Sir William Blackstone 1723-1780 Blackstone’s Commentaries

17. Who? Property owners Great landlords most influential Industrialization brings discontent

18. Parliament in 1815 House of Lords –360 members House of Commons –658 members (489 English) –County and Borough members

19. Rotton Borough Old Sarum

20. Local Government Counties and Boroughs

21. County Lord Lieutenant Justices of the Peace –Supervised roads –Licensed estates –regulated liquor –Set poor rates

22. Parishes 10,000 in England and Wales Vestry

23. Conclusion Britain unbureaucratic and uncentralized