1. West Hills College Farm of the Future

2. West Hills College Farm of the Future Where are you NOW?! Precision Agriculture – Lesson 3

3. West Hills College Farm of the Future Precision Agriculture – Lesson 3 Where We Are Farm of the Future Coalinga California Central Valley 36.147687N 120.349157 W (of where?)

4. West Hills College Farm of the Future Precision Agriculture – Lesson 3 The World 220 BC

5. West Hills College Farm of the Future Precision Agriculture – Lesson 3 What is GIS? Maps + Data It’s “Layers” Analysis by Location (Spatial Component) Technical Tools

6. Boundary River Geology Precipitation Soil Map Layers

7. West Hills College Farm of the Future Precision Agriculture – Lesson 3 Why is GIS Important? Most data has a spatial component GIS provides a method to: – Analyze the spatial component, – Display the data spatially, – And retrieve data spatially GIS is a Management Tool

8. West Hills College Farm of the Future Ag Education Demographics Precision Agriculture – Lesson 3

9. West Hills College Farm of the Future Data Visualization LONLATZFT -119.72728936.8227582.64.3 -119.72728336.8227642.84.3 -119.72727436.8227762.73.5 -119.72726036.8227882.84.4 -119.72724236.8227923.65.8 -119.72722336.8227923.56.4 -119.72720136.8227831.94.7 -119.72718336.8227681.83.3 -119.72717036.8227462.54.4 -119.72716336.8227202.43.6 -119.72716036.8226902.23.1 -119.72715836.8226592.53.4 -119.72715836.8226262.63.5 -119.72715736.8225932.63.5 -119.72715636.8225592.53.5 -119.72715636.8225252.13.3 -119.72715736.8224881.92.8 -119.72715836.8224482.23.3 -119.72715836.8224072.54.1 -119.72715836.8223662.63.7 -119.72715836.8223223.04.2 -119.72716636.8217714.55.5 -119.72716636.8217243.87.1 -119.72716636.8216773.56.8 -119.72716736.8216303.05.1 -119.72716736.8215822.13.6 -119.72716736.8215342.73.8 -119.72716636.8214842.83.9 -119.72716536.8214342.62.1 -119.72716536.8213842.11.5 -119.72716736.8213331.51.1 -119.72716836.8212831.1 -119.72716836.8212341.21.0 -119.72716836.8211873.02.9 -119.72716936.8211415.14.8 -119.72716836.8210975.15.3 -119.72716836.8210555.05.1 -119.72716736.8210145.2 -119.72716636.8209745.25.4 -119.72716436.8209365.15.8 -119.72716036.8208984.95.4 -119.72715536.8208623.74.6 -119.72715436.8208301.52.1 -119.72716136.8208031.91.8 -119.72717736.8207832.32.0 -119.72728636.8208161.92.3 Precision Agriculture – Lesson 3

10. West Hills College Farm of the Future Data Visualization with GIS Data is collected with spatial location (DGPS) Plot represents 5100 data points Soil electrical conductivity indicates soil texture Precision Agriculture – Lesson 3

11. West Hills College Farm of the Future GIS Terms and Concepts Precision Agriculture – Lesson 3

12. West Hills College Farm of the Future Precision Agriculture – Lesson 3 Terms Themes = layers Types of “Vector” themes – point – line – polygon “Raster” Themes – grid – images Centroid – Geographic center Classification – Grouping of data Legend – Description of map symbols Scale – Relationship of the map to the real world

13. West Hills College Farm of the Future Precision Agriculture – Lesson 3 Point Themes Ex. Wells Polygon centroids Place locations Data collection points

14. West Hills College Farm of the Future Precision Agriculture – Lesson 3 Example Point

15. West Hills College Farm of the Future Precision Agriculture – Lesson 3 Line Themes Roads Pipelines Canals Streams Contour lines (lines of equal value including elevation, precipitation, etc.)

16. West Hills College Farm of the Future Precision Agriculture – Lesson 3 Example Line Theme

17. West Hills College Farm of the Future Precision Agriculture – Lesson 3 Polygon An enclosed area A polygon has area (acres) Counties (political boundaries) Field maps Soil regions Management zones

18. West Hills College Farm of the Future Precision Agriculture – Lesson 3 Example Polygon Theme

19. West Hills College Farm of the Future Precision Agriculture – Lesson 3 Grid A series of points on a uniform grid Can be created from non-uniform sample points Used to create a “surface” or contour lines Data is limited to a single value Prescription maps

20. West Hills College Farm of the Future Precision Agriculture – Lesson 3 Example Grid

21. West Hills College Farm of the Future Precision Agriculture – Lesson 3 Images Ex. Aerial photos, scanned maps, satellite imagery They are fitted to geographical space Cannot be attached to data Usually used as a back drop to vector data.

22. West Hills College Farm of the Future Precision Agriculture – Lesson 3 Example Image

23. West Hills College Farm of the Future Precision Agriculture – Lesson 3 Coordinates, Projections, Datum, etc… Coordinates the x & y of a map – Common units are meters and feet Projection – How we make a flat map from a round earth Datum – Where we start our measurement Spheroid – The mathematical model of the earth

24. West Hills College Farm of the Future Precision Agriculture – Lesson 3 Mapping Basics Projections – Correct distance vs. correct area – less important for small areas, but critical for GIS Map units (data) – decimal degrees – Meters, feet Scale or Distance Units (map) – feet, miles, km

25. West Hills College Farm of the Future Precision Agriculture – Lesson 3 Common CA Projections

26. West Hills College Farm of the Future Precision Agriculture – Lesson 3 Universal Transverse Mercator (UTM)

27. West Hills College Farm of the Future Precision Agriculture – Lesson 3 Mapping Precision Small scale maps generally lack precision to be useful for plotting PA data. More precise maps are made using surveying, aerial photos or Global Positioning Systems (GPS) Lack of precision can have substantial effects on spatial analysis (like area calculations)

28. West Hills College Farm of the Future Precision Agriculture – Lesson 3 What is ArcView? A desktop GIS Allows the user to create, edit, view and analyze spatial data. Extension and 3 rd party products – SST – Spatial Analyst – Image Analyst (Arc 9.x)

29. West Hills College Farm of the Future Precision Agriculture – Lesson 3 Basic Functions Views Layouts Tables (data)

30. West Hills College Farm of the Future Precision Agriculture – Lesson 3 Views Can be used to edit vector data. Themes can be created from coordinate data (event themes) Classification Themes are attached to one or more tables Complex queries and “spatial” joins are possible

31. West Hills College Farm of the Future Precision Agriculture – Lesson 3 Layout The map creation tool. Add text, views, scale, etc. Can be “live” linked to a view. Can be used to combine several views.

32. West Hills College Farm of the Future Precision Agriculture – Lesson 3 Tables Contain the “data” component Use standard dbase (dbf) files. Tables can be accessed by Access or Excel Allows common database operations like joins or links Delimited text can be imported.

33. West Hills College Farm of the Future Precision Agriculture – Lesson 3 Resources www.precisionag.org (Links and Resources) see www.precisionag.org/CATA/ www.precisionag.orgwww.precisionag.org/CATA/ http://CAST.csufresno.edu/agedweb/ (HS lesson plans & sample data) http://CAST.csufresno.edu/agedweb/ www.esri.com (free software & data – See Education) www.esri.com