1. iPhone – Walkthrough By: Hector M Lugo-Cordero, MS Saad A Khan, MS EEL 6788 1

2. Agenda History What you will need Model View Controller Objective-C Develop with XCode and Interface Builder Using the Sensors App Examples References 2

3. History Emerges as a device which provides multimedia, Internet access, and smartphone Collaboration with Cingular Wireless (now AT&T) 3

4. Releases Time magazine named it the invention of the year in 2007 Releases – Original: January 9, 2007  Sale: January 29, 2007 – 3 G: July 11, 2008 (3G speed, assisted GPS) – 3GS: June 8, 2009 (video cam and voice control) 4

5. Availability 5

6. Units in the world YearUnits sold 20071,389,000 200811,625,000 200920,731,000 20108,737,000 Total42,482,000 6

7. Hardware ItemDescription PowerOriginal 3.7 V, 1400 mAh 3G: 3.7 V, 1150 mAh 3GS: 3.7 V, 1219 mAh CPUOriginal & 3G: Samsung 32-bit RISC ARM 1176JZ(F)-S v1.0 620 MHz underclocked to 412 MHz PowerVR MBX Lite 3D GPU 3GS: Samsung S5PC100 ARM Cortex-A8 833 MHz underclocked to 600 MHz PowerVR SGX GPU Storage (Flash)Original: 4, 8, 16 GB 3G: 8, 16 GB 3GS: 16, 32GB 7

8. Hardware ItemDescription MemoryOriginal & 3G: 128 MB eDRAM 3GS: 256 MB eDRAM Display320 × 480 px, 3.5 in (89 mm), 2:3 aspect ratio, 18-bit (262,144-color) LCD with 163 pixels per inch (ppi) InputMulti-touch touchscreen display, headset controls, proximity and ambient light sensors, 3-axis accelerometer 3GS also includes: digital compass CameraOriginal & 3G: 2.0 megapixels 3GS: 3.0 megapixels with video (VGA at 30 fps) 8

9. Hardware ItemDescription ConnectivityWi-Fi (802.11b/g), Bluetooth 2.0+EDR, USB 2.0/Dock connector GSM 3G also includes: A-GPS; HSDPA 3GS also supports: 7.2 Mbps HSDPA Bluetooth 2.1+EDR Dimensions and WeightOriginal (135 g): 115 mm (4.5 in) (h) 61 mm (2.4 in) (w) 11.6 mm (0.46 in) (d) 3G (133 g) & 3GS (135 g): 115.5 mm (4.55 in) (h) 62.1 mm (2.44 in) (w) 12.3 mm (0.48 in) (d) 9

10. What you will need MAC computer IPhone SDK – Xcode – Interface Builder To test – Xcode build in simulator – IPhone and Apple’s developer license 10

11. iPhone Developer (Phone ID) 11 In Xcode select: Window > Organizer

12. iPhone Developer (Certificate) 12 Keychain Access (Applications  Utilities) Select 2048 bits and RSA (after continue) Save to disk (remember location)

13. iPhone Developer (Assistant) 13 Login to http://developer.apple.com/iphone, enter developer portalhttp://developer.apple.com/iphone Launch Assistant

14. iPhone Developer (Key Inserts) 14 Identify the app, phone, and enter phone ID (previously acquired with organizer)

15. iPhone Developer(Install Certificate) 15 Generate certificate from file generated by Keychain Access After download the profile and certificate Install on Xcode by dragging it

16. iPhone Developer (Deploy) Select target device Organizer allows to take screen shots Console included 16

17. iPhone OS OS for iPhone, iPod Touch, and iPad Has a status bar above (signal strength, battery status, time) A dock station is bellow (for main apps) Multitasking is available but only for Apple apps 3 rd party apps are closed when Home button is pressed. Force quit is available (holding power button and then home button) 17

18. iPhone OS (Layers) 18 Cocoa Touch – User interface functionality, buttons, pickers, scroll bars, etc. – Wrappers to core services Media – Core Audio, audio recording/mixing – Open AL, Open GL – Video playback – PDF, JPG, PNG

19. iPhone OS (Layers) 19 Core Services – File Access, Address Book – Threading – Core Location – Net Services, URL Utilities Core OS – Security, Sockets – Power Management – Certificates, File System

20. Model View Controller 20

21. Model View Controller Main Window: – App lives here – Not much is done here App Delegate – In charge of adding the view and controller to main window App View Controller – App Logic: the brains of the application (optional) – App View: interface is designed here (GUI available) 21

22. Objective-C (History) Created early on 1980 by Brad Cox and Tom Love at StepStone In 1986 Steve Jobs left Apple and started NeXT – 1988 NeXT licensed Objective-C In 1996 Apple buys NeXT – Steve Jobs returns to Apple – Mac OS X is born It is object oriented – Layer on top of C 22

23. Objective-C (Syntax) Non object oriented operations identical to C Object oriented follow the Smalltalk syntax Methods are known as selectors Calls are know as message Example – C++ call: object->method(arguments) – Objective-C message: [object selector: arguments] 23

24. Objective-C (Dot Syntax) Introduced in Objective-C 2.0 Getter – int age = [person age]; – int age = person.age; Setter – [person setAge: 25]; – person.age = 25; Better example – [[person child] setAge: 1];  person.child.age = 1; 24

25. Objective-C (Methods) A dynamic data exists (i.e. id) -(id) selectorName: arg1 label2: arg2 label3: ar3 – Args are of the form: (type) name – - denotes it is an instance method – + denotes a class method Selectors are of type SEL – Useful to see if a class responds to a method if ([obj respondsToSelector:sel]) { [obj performSelector:sel withObject:self]; } 25

26. Objective-C (cont.) Including/Importing libraries – #include: may cause cycles – #import: includes the file if it is not already included Memory management (Reference count) Making objects:Removing objects: Retain Release Alloc Autorelease Init Dealloc Copy 26

27. Objective-C (Autorelease) Perfect for returning variables created at a method Methods that do not use autorelease – “alloc” and “copy” – We need to retain these objects All other methods that return an object include autorelease We must follow these conventions 27

28. Objective-C (Autorelease example) - (NSString *)fullName { NSString *result; result = [[NSString alloc] initWithFormat:@“%@ %@”, firstName, lastName]; return result; } 28 [result release];[result autorelease]; Memory leakage Returns nil OK

29. Objective-C (Implementation) Interfaces (protocols) – Work the same way that in JAVA Delegates – Are like protocols – Handle events code Classes –.h file (header) –.m file (implementation) 29

30. Objective-C (Properties) Convenient for accessing object attributes Shortcut for getters/setters Allow to specify – Access (e.g. read-only) – Memory management policy (e.g. retain) atomic vs nonatomic – nonatomic provides quicker access to the field – atomic is better for when the field will be read/write multiple times (multi threading) 30

31. Objective-C (Serialization) Known as archiving Done by overriding write: and read: methods Example: -(id) write: (TypedStream *) stream { [super write:stream]; objc_write_types(stream, "i", &person.age); return self; } -(id) read: (TypedStream *) stream { [super read:stream]; objc_read_types(stream, "i", &person.age); return self; } 31

32. XCode Replaced Project Builder Organizes files Includes an editor Multiple testing targets Useful for iPhone, MAC Red link (app not build) 32

33. Interface Builder Works in collaboration with XCode Good for developing the App View Need to add keywords to the code – IBOutlet translates to nothing – IBAction translates to void Organized by category of usage 33

34. SDK Demo 34

35. Using the sensors Camera Microphone Proximity Accelerometer Magnetometer GPS Making calls Sending messages 35

36. Sensors on devices 36

37. Camera Use UIImagePickerController Implement UIImagePickerControllerDelegate UIImagePickerController *picker = [[UIImagePickerController alloc] init]; picker.delegate = pickerDelegate; //can be self picker.sourceType = UIImagePickerControllerSourceTypeCamera; Implement the following method in delegate (called after picture is taken) - (void)imagePickerController:(UIImagePickerController *)picker didFinishPickingImage:(UIImage *)image editingInfo:(NSDictionary *)editingInfo; 37

38. Microphone Core Audio library (AVAudioRecorder) NSURL *url = [NSURL fileURLWithPath:@"/dev/null"]; NSDictionary *settings = [NSDictionary dictionaryWithObjectsAndKeys: [NSNumber numberWithFloat: 44100.0], AVSampleRateKey, [NSNumber numberWithInt: kAudioFormatAppleLossless], AVFormatIDKey, [NSNumber numberWithInt: 1], AVNumberOfChannelsKey, [NSNumber numberWithInt: AVAudioQualityMax], AVEncoderAudioQualityKey, nil]; NSError *error; recorder = [[AVAudioRecorder alloc] initWithURL:url settings:settings error:&error]; if (recorder) { [recorder prepareToRecord]; recorder.meteringEnabled = YES; [recorder record]; } else NSLog([error description]); 38

39. Proximity Turn them on UIDevice *device = [UIDevice currentDevice]; device.proximityMonitoringEnabled = YES; BOOL state = device.proximityState; Set notifications [[NSNotificationCenter defaultCenter] addObserver: self selector: @selector(proximityChanged:) name: @"UIDeviceProximityStateDidChangeNotification" object: device]; … - (void) proximityChanged: (NSNotification *)note { UIDevice *device = [note object]; NSLog(@"In proximity: %i", device.proximityState); } 39

40. Accelerometer Range is [-0.5, 0.5] Declare a class Start accelerometer Take measurements 40

41. Accelerometer (cont.) @interface AccelController: UIViewController { UIAccelerometer *accelerometer; } @end //start - (void)viewDidLoad { accelerometer = [UIAccelerometer sharedAccelerometer]; accelerometer.updateInterval = 0.1; accelerometer.delegate = self; [super viewDidLoad]; } 41

42. Accelerometer (cont.) - (void)accelerometer:(UIAccelerometer *)meter didAccelerate:(UIAcceleration *)acceleration { float x = acceleration.x; float y = acceleration.y; float z = acceleration.z; float angle = atan2(y, x);... } 42

43. Magnetometer Core location, but available only for 3GS LocationManager = [[CLLocationManager alloc] init]; locationManager.delegate = self; if( locationManager.locationServicesEnabled && locationManager.headingAvailable) { [locationManager startUpdatingLocation]; [locationManager startUpdatingHeading]; } else {... } 43

44. Magnetometer (Delegate) - (void)locationManager:(CLLocationManager *) manager didUpdateHeading:(CLHeading *) newHeading { if (newHeading.headingAccuracy > 0) { CLLocationDirection theHeading = newHeading.magneticHeading;... } //to show calibration panel -(BOOL)locationManagerShouldDisplayHeadingCalibration: (CLLocationManager *)manager { return YES; } 44

45. GPS Core location locationManager = [[CLLocationManager alloc] init]; locationManager.delegate = self; if( locationManager.locationServicesEnabled ) { [locationManager startUpdatingLocation]; } else {...} locationManager.desiredAccuracy = kCLLocationAccuracyKilometer; 45

46. GPS (Delegate methods) - (void)locationManager:(CLLocationManager *)manager didUpdateToLocation: (CLLocation *)newLocation fromLocation:(CLLocation *)oldLocation{ if( newLocation != oldLocation ) {…} } - (void)locationManager:(CLLocationManager *)manager didFailWithError: (NSError *)error {…} 46

47. Making calls, Emails, and SMS Calls, emails, and SMS are treated like URL services (UIApplication.sharedApplication) [[UIApplication sharedApplication] openURL: [NSURL URLWithString:@"tel://123-456-7890"]]; [[UIApplication sharedApplication] openURL:[NSURL URLWithString:@"mailto:emailAdress?subject=testMail &body=its test mail."]]; [[UIApplication sharedApplication] openURL:[NSURL URLWithString:@"sms:111"]]; 47

48. App Examples Battery monitor LocateMe WhichWayIsUp Accerlerometer 48

49. References http://developer.apple.com/iphone http://www.learningiphoneprogramming. com/ http://www.learningiphoneprogramming. com/ http://mobiforge.com/developing/story/d eploying-iphone-apps-real-devices http://mobiforge.com/developing/story/d eploying-iphone-apps-real-devices http://www.wikipedia.org 49

50. Questions 50