1. 1 requires previous experience as a professor or comparable non-academic experience entry level position direct from PhD or industry PFF...An Engineering Perspective A basic path for a career in academia: PhD Tenure Assistant Professor Associate Professor Program in ECECS…Jason Heikenfeld (EE) + additions

2. 2 PFF...An Engineering Perspective Possible career pathways to tenure: PhD Tenure Post-Doc Industry Assistant Professor Associate Professor 1 2 3 4 Program in ECECS…Jason Heikenfeld (EE) + additions

3. 3 requires previous experience as a professor or comparable non-academic experience entry level position direct from PhD or industry PFF...An Engineering Perspective Basic path + some detours: PhD Tenure Assistant Professor Associate Professor Program in ECECS…Jason Heikenfeld (EE) + additions Research Assistant Professor Instructor, Lecturer, Field Serv. …

4. 4 PFF...An Engineering Perspective Choose your steps carefully! PhD Tenure Assistant Professor Associate Professor Industry higher tier or research- oriented institution Program in ECECS…Jason Heikenfeld (EE) + additions