1. TEK and COMANAGEMENT

2. Order of Presentation  TEK / IK (Naomi)  Medicine (Colin)  Haida and wood (Teri)  INCOPORATING TEK (Brian)  Community Forestry (Becky)  Training Programs (Reshaad)  Joint Ventures (Nick, Ryan, Scott, Bryce)  Future Implications (Bryce)

3. Traditional Ecological Knowledge (TEK)  “a body of knowledge built up by a group of people through generations of living in close contact with nature” Johnson, Martha. 1992. Lore: Capturing Traditional Environmental Knowledge. Ottawa: Dene Cultural Institute/IDRC.  Emphasis on indigenous peoples Indigenous Knowledge (IK)

4.  Western science vs. TEK / IK – an overrated or underestimated dichotomy?  Viewed out of context: romantic notions of the ‘noble savage’, ethnocentrism.  Viewed in context: geographical, ecological, spiritual, cultural (“knowledge, practices and beliefs”)

5. Traditional Medical Systems  2 types of ailments  The Shaman  Training and knowledge

6. Changing Resource Use by the Haida  The Warrior Way  Naked No More  A House is a Home

7. Forest Models in BC  Increased community and First Nations involvement  Recent revival of old concepts  Government initiatives  The future?

8. Education & Training  A way to enter the forestry sector  To increase Aboriginal participation  Various educational and training initiatives have been developed

9. A.F.T.E.R.  Aboriginal Forestry Training and Employment Review  Aims to develop long term strategic approach to Aboriginal human resource development in forestry  Comprises of Aboriginal organizations, unions, educational establishments and industry and government representatives

10. What is a Joint Venture  partnership arrangements between establish forest companies and First Nations which allow First Nations access the land and capital to establish forest industry operations  range from brush clearing and silviculture operations to larger scale tenure transfers and forest management options

11. Joint Venture Benefits  Serve as Interim Measures  Reduce conflict/increased stability  Access to restricted resources  Provide First Nations with necessary land, capital, finances and experience to establish themselves  Tax advantages for Forest Companies  Opportunity for First Nations to rectify social and economic situation though increased training and job opportunities

12. Negative Effects  Unequal allocation of Joint Venture profits within community  Non-Aboriginal job loss  Financial Risk/Investment  Loss of control  Less incentive for Aboriginal involvement in other sectors

13. The Squamish Nation  Development of a land Use Plan  Values, Vision and Priorities

14. Interfor and TFL #38  A very contentious area  A statement of intent  Memorandum of understanding  A working relationship

15. Incorporating TEK  Defining TEK Management Systems  a) the possession of appropriate local ecological knowledge and a suitable means to exploit and use the resource, and  b ) An ethical practice to maintain a balance between land and people by an established set of rules to maintain and regulate the activity.

16. Concerns About Using TEK  Using TEK is seen as a Grey area in using as a management option because of Social conditions due to the impact of Western Cultures due to  a) loss of Knowledge  b) an alteration to the traditional practice

17. Complimentary  Potential uses in Adaptive Management schemes, which focus on mainly feedback from observations and recording of ecosystem health.  Moving more towards an ecological based system which focuses more on;  a) ecosystem processes and connections  b) Health and resilience of species

18. As Conservationists  Most ecosystems with indigenous peoples have a high level of diversity  Monitoring or Assessing Ecological systems  Exploring other resources that are often overlooked by managing a sustained yield for a single species  Social Healing and involvement in Management practices.

19. Projects Using TEK: GIS/GPS Applications using GIS technology in Resource Management include ‘data mining’, which correlates relationships among mapped variables (ecological assessment) Mapping of Native land use from the oral tradition to a more western application of written maps this would include; a) CMT’s and b) lands significant to social and spiritual needs

20. West Chilcotin Forest Products  Who We Are  First Nation-Forest Industry Joint Venture  First Nation Timber License Holder

21. West Chilcotin Forest Products  Where We Are  Located in BC’s Chilcotin Region  An Area of High Unemployment

22. West Chilcotin Forest Products  What We Do  Produce ISO Certified Lumber  Run Several “Spin- Off” Businesses

23. QUESTIONS?!?