1. Foundations What is communication? A dynamic, ongoing, transactional process Whereby people create shared meaning Through the sending and receiving of messages Via socially shared codes Key concepts Speaker, message, channel, receiver, feedback, noise, context

2. Functions of Communication Basic function is to achieve understanding or shared meaning. Other functions: Inform Persuade Entertain Manage relationships

3. Goals of Communication Clark & Delia’s three biggies: Identity Instrumental Interpersonal

4. Conversation vs. Public Speaking Key Differences Public speaking: is more highly structured requires more formal language requires a different method of delivery Key Similarities Similar goals (inform, persuade, entertain) Similar skills (logic, tailoring message, storytelling, adapting to feedback)

5. Stage Fright Be assured that it is completely normal! Tips: Think positively Be at your best when you have to speak Concentrate on sending your message rather than your nervousness Take a few deep breaths before starting to speak Pay special attention to your introduction Make eye contact with audience members Use well designed/chosen visual aids

6. Impromptu Speaking Impromptu speeches are presented with little or no preparation. 4 steps to organize your thoughts quickly: State the point/question to which you are responding. State the point you want to make. Use whatever support you have (examples, statistics, or testimony). Summarize your point.

7. Suggestions for Impromptus Quickly jot down a brief outline. Try to remain calm and assured. Audience members cannot tell how nervous you are. Making a speech is not a catastrophe. Maintain strong eye contact with the audience. Concentrate on speaking at a clear, deliberate pace. Use signposts (“first”, “second”, etc. to help the audience track of your ideas).