1. Europe: social practice, social policy and social education Dr. Nol Reverda, lector CESRT/Hogeschool Zuyd

2. cesrt/zuyd university - nol reverda2 1. The concept of Europe 2. Europe and the rest: some statistics 3. Social practice in Europe 4. Social policy in Europe 5. Social education in Europe

3. cesrt/zuyd university - nol reverda3 Europe: how many countries?

4. cesrt/zuyd university - nol reverda4 1. The Concept of Europe (1) Geography (space) Geography (space) –What are the borders? –Russia, Turkey, Israel, Ceuta and Mellila, Canaric Islands, Caraibics? –Border problems and asylum seekers

5. cesrt/zuyd university - nol reverda5 Saint Martin (Caraibics)

6. cesrt/zuyd university - nol reverda6 The Concept of Europe (2) History (time) History (time) –What are the main events? –Greek democracy, Roman Empire, Christianity, Humanism, Enlightenment –Very selective/biased: Viking, Ottoman, Islam roots of history

7. cesrt/zuyd university - nol reverda7 Islam in Europe

8. cesrt/zuyd university - nol reverda8 Both European history/culture?

9. cesrt/zuyd university - nol reverda9 The Concept of Europe (3) Institutions Institutions –European Union, Council of Europe, European Court of Justice, Organisation of Security and Co-operation in Europe

10. cesrt/zuyd university - nol reverda10 The Council of Europe Sited in Strasbourg, France Sited in Strasbourg, France 46 members, representing 800 million people 46 members, representing 800 million people Intergovernmental body Intergovernmental body Objective: Objective: –Promotion of human rights and democracy

11. cesrt/zuyd university - nol reverda11 The European Union Sited in Brussels Sited in Brussels 25 member states (out of 47 European countries), representing 450 million people 25 member states (out of 47 European countries), representing 450 million people Supranational body Supranational body Objective: Objective: –Economic integration: internal market and EMU –Political integration: Constitution and Parliament

12. cesrt/zuyd university - nol reverda12 The Concept of Europe (4) A Europe of Nation-States (47) A Europe of Nation-States (47) or or A Europe of cultures/regions (226)? A Europe of cultures/regions (226)? What are the dimensions of political, economic and social development? What are the dimensions of political, economic and social development? Us and them: single versus plural identities (Beck e.o.) Us and them: single versus plural identities (Beck e.o.)

13. cesrt/zuyd university - nol reverda13 2. Europe and the rest Some statistics Some statistics

14. cesrt/zuyd university - nol reverda14 EU and the rest: Surface area

15. cesrt/zuyd university - nol reverda15 EU and the rest: Population

16. cesrt/zuyd university - nol reverda16 EU and the rest: GDP

17. cesrt/zuyd university - nol reverda17 EU and US/Russia

18. cesrt/zuyd university - nol reverda18 3. Social practice in Europe Same problems: Same problems: –Poverty –Homelessness –Disabled –Abuse –Etc. Different answers Different answers –The need for cross-border exchange and learning –No immitation: social practice is contextual

19. cesrt/zuyd university - nol reverda19 Social practice in Europe: some common trends Mobility and migration: Mobility and migration: –Multiculturality versus etnocentrism/racism –Single versus plural identities –Need for differentiated provision/methods –Heterogeneous composition of social professional staff Related, but specific topic: –Forced mobility: human trade (illegal labour, women and children)

20. cesrt/zuyd university - nol reverda20 Triple ageing of poputation: Triple ageing of poputation: –More people of 65+ (25% of EU population in 2035) –Longer life expectations of people of 65+ –Less children and youngsters (declining birth rate in Europe: 1,6 child per family) Crisis of the nationstate: Crisis of the nationstate: –Globalisation of politics, economy, culture and society: McWorld –Localisation of politics, economy,culture and society: traditions, language/dialects, cultural heritage) Social practice in Europe

21. cesrt/zuyd university - nol reverda21 Social practice in Europe Transition from rural to industrial to knowledge-based society Transition from rural to industrial to knowledge-based society Declining role of traditional institutions (religion, trade unions, political parties and ideological –isms) and development of network society Declining role of traditional institutions (religion, trade unions, political parties and ideological –isms) and development of network society Professional interaction: international transfer of methods (homestart, hometraining) Professional interaction: international transfer of methods (homestart, hometraining)

22. cesrt/zuyd university - nol reverda22 4. Social Policy in Europe

23. cesrt/zuyd university - nol reverda23 Three EU’s Economic and Monetary Union (EMU): the Euro Economic and Monetary Union (EMU): the Euro European Political Union (EPU): the Constitution and the European Parliament European Political Union (EPU): the Constitution and the European Parliament European Social Union (ESU): European Social Union (ESU): –Role of state in relation to responsibility for social exclusion: investing in social security and social cohesion leads towards higher economic productivity –Not one, but five European Models of Welfare Provision

24. cesrt/zuyd university - nol reverda24 Five Models of the European Welfare State Core question: what welfare mix (state, market and civil society) is responsible for welfare delivery? Core question: what welfare mix (state, market and civil society) is responsible for welfare delivery? Identification of models/regimes: Identification of models/regimes: –Social democratic (state – nordic countries) –Liberal (market - UK) –Conservative (civil society - Germany) –Rudimentary (Portugal) –Countries/societies in transistion: former communist countries (Hungary, Slovakia, etc.)

25. cesrt/zuyd university - nol reverda25 Common European Trends Neo-liberalism: Neo-liberalism: –Less state (less taxation), more market, less solidarity –The principles of self-reliance and responsibilities of individual citizens/clients –Commodification of social services Citizen as (critical) consumer Citizen as (critical) consumer De-institutionalisation De-institutionalisation Individualised care Individualised care

26. cesrt/zuyd university - nol reverda26 5. Social Work Education in Europe

27. cesrt/zuyd university - nol reverda27 Social Work Education in Europe European Social Work or Social Work in Europa? European Social Work or Social Work in Europa? Discussions about: Discussions about: –Generic versus specific –Voluntarism and professionalism –Managerialism and value-based social work

28. cesrt/zuyd university - nol reverda28 Social Work Education in Europe Various programmes: Social Work Social Work Social Pedagogy Social Pedagogy Community Work Community Work Social Education (Denmark) Social Education (Denmark) Special Education (Poland) Special Education (Poland) Advocacy/legal Work Advocacy/legal Work

29. cesrt/zuyd university - nol reverda29 Social Work Education in Europe Various levels: Vocational training (no degree) Vocational training (no degree) (University) Colleges/Polytechnics (BA) (University) Colleges/Polytechnics (BA) Universities (MA) Universities (MA)

30. cesrt/zuyd university - nol reverda30 Social Work Education in Europe European Associations: European Associations: –EASSW –FESET –European Region of IFSW –AIEJI (social educators) –European Region of ICSW Thematic Network Socrates: Thematic Network Socrates: –European Social Work: commonalities and differences –Publication: Campanini, A. en Frost, E. ed.(2004) European Social Work. Roma, Carocci Editore. ISBN: 88-430-2967-330

31. cesrt/zuyd university - nol reverda31 Social Work Education in Europe: the Bologna Declaration Objective: “the most competitive knowledge based continent of the world” “the most competitive knowledge based continent of the world” Introduction of a system of easily readable, compatible and comparable degrees: BA/MA Introduction of a system of easily readable, compatible and comparable degrees: BA/MA Introduction of a European Credit Transfer System: ECTS Introduction of a European Credit Transfer System: ECTS

32. cesrt/zuyd university - nol reverda32 Promotion of student and staff mobility Promotion of student and staff mobility Promotion of European co-operation of quality assurance Promotion of European co-operation of quality assurance Promotion of the European dimension in higher education Promotion of the European dimension in higher education Social Work Education in Europe: the Bologna Declaration

33. cesrt/zuyd university - nol reverda33 Academisation of education Academisation of education BaMa structure: BaMa structure: Ba = 180 – 240 ECTS Ma = 60 – 120 ECTS Generic Ba (starting certificate for labour market) and specific MA Generic Ba (starting certificate for labour market) and specific MA Promotion of research Promotion of research Development of European/international dimension of curriculum Development of European/international dimension of curriculum Development of European system of quality control: ENQASP Development of European system of quality control: ENQASP Social Work Education in Europe: the Bologna Declaration

34. cesrt/zuyd university - nol reverda34 Two recent publications: Two recent publications: Lyons, K. and Lawrence, S. (eds) (2006) Social work in Europe: Educating for change. Birmingham, Venture Press. Lyons, K. and Lawrence, S. (eds) (2006) Social work in Europe: Educating for change. Birmingham, Venture Press. Lorenz, W. (2006) Perspectives on European social work. Leverkusen, Verlag Barbara Budrich Lorenz, W. (2006) Perspectives on European social work. Leverkusen, Verlag Barbara Budrich Thanks for your attention