1. Introduction to Artificial Intelligence for Bradley University – CS 521 Anthony (Tony) J. Grichnik Visiting Scientist to Bradley University Caterpillar Inc. Anthony (Tony) J. Grichnik Visiting Scientist to Bradley University Caterpillar Inc.

2. Copyright 2006, Tony Grichnik ~ All Rights Reserved Outline Introduction: The Clans of Artificial Intelligence (AI) Logical – Be the Expert Statistical – Would you like to play a game? Biological – Solutions…naturally The Future – Hybrids and more Introduction: The Clans of Artificial Intelligence (AI) Logical – Be the Expert Statistical – Would you like to play a game? Biological – Solutions…naturally The Future – Hybrids and more

3. Copyright 2006, Tony Grichnik ~ All Rights Reserved Probability A coin has two sides, heads and tails. If we flip it 4 times, what is the chance it will come up heads all four times? A coin has two sides, heads and tails. If we flip it 4 times, what is the chance it will come up heads all four times? (0.5)*(0.5)*(0.5)*(0.5) = 0.0625 or 6.25%

4. Copyright 2006, Tony Grichnik ~ All Rights Reserved Permutation A die has 6 sides, numbered 1 – 6. On a single toss, how many ways can the sum add to 10 or more? A die has 6 sides, numbered 1 – 6. On a single toss, how many ways can the sum add to 10 or more?

5. Copyright 2006, Tony Grichnik ~ All Rights Reserved Probability and Permutation A dice has six sides, numbered 1 - 6. If we roll 2 at once, what is the probability they will add to 10 or more? In other words, “What is the probability of getting a permutation that adds to 10 or more?” A dice has six sides, numbered 1 - 6. If we roll 2 at once, what is the probability they will add to 10 or more? In other words, “What is the probability of getting a permutation that adds to 10 or more?”

6. Copyright 2006, Tony Grichnik ~ All Rights Reserved Your Assignment Are you a Master Mind?

7. Copyright 2006, Tony Grichnik ~ All Rights Reserved Playing MasterMind Player 1 (the professors) provide a 5 digit code Each of the five positions can have the value 0 – 9 Digits can only be used once Player 1 (the professors) provide a 5 digit code Each of the five positions can have the value 0 – 9 Digits can only be used once Player 2 (the student) enters a guess following the same rules. Player 2 is told two things about their guess. The number of digits correct Right number The number of positions correct Right number, Right place Player 2 is told two things about their guess. The number of digits correct Right number The number of positions correct Right number, Right place

8. Copyright 2006, Tony Grichnik ~ All Rights Reserved Playing MasterMind (continued) There are two ways to play. Option 1 – “The Dumb Way” Calculate all the permutations Keep trying them until you break the code Option 1 – “The Dumb Way” Calculate all the permutations Keep trying them until you break the code Option 2 – “The Smart Way” …and that’s what you need to figure out! HINT: Do you think it has something to do with probability and permutation? Option 2 – “The Smart Way” …and that’s what you need to figure out! HINT: Do you think it has something to do with probability and permutation?

9. Copyright 2006, Tony Grichnik ~ All Rights Reserved Playing MasterMind (continued) Measure of Success We’ll provide a list of 10 codes. Add up the number of guesses your algorithm needs to solve them. Grades will be assigned on a Half-normal distribution Top 66% with the fewest guesses to solve all 10 codes get A’s Next 33% get B’s Outliers get C’s unless…. Guesses = number of permutations then you get an F If you cheat on counting you number of guesses you get an F too. Measure of Success We’ll provide a list of 10 codes. Add up the number of guesses your algorithm needs to solve them. Grades will be assigned on a Half-normal distribution Top 66% with the fewest guesses to solve all 10 codes get A’s Next 33% get B’s Outliers get C’s unless…. Guesses = number of permutations then you get an F If you cheat on counting you number of guesses you get an F too.

10. Introduction to Artificial Intelligence for Bradley University – CS 521 Anthony (Tony) J. Grichnik Visiting Scientist to Bradley University Caterpillar Inc. Anthony (Tony) J. Grichnik Visiting Scientist to Bradley University Caterpillar Inc.