1. Changes since 1600 1.Pronunciation 2.Grammar 3.Vocabulary

2. Changes since 1600 1.Pronunciation Standardization: one standard dialect Long mid vowels to diphthongs Loss of non-prevocallic R STRUT-FOOT Split BATH-TRAP Split Wh Other Changes

3. Changes since 1600 1.Pronunciation Standardization: one standard dialect Other dialects cease to be written “Standard English” in the middle of the 20th century spoken by 2% of the population

4. Changes since 1600 1.Pronunciation Standardization: one standard dialect Long mid vowels to diphthongs

5. face goat

6. face goat

7. face goat

8. Changes since 1600 1.Pronunciation Standardization: one standard dialect Long mid vowels to diphthongs Loss of non-prevocallic R star start farmer fare fair fear queer stern work turn firm

9. Changes since 1600 1.Pronunciation Standardization: one standard dialect Long mid vowels to diphthongs Loss of non-prevocallic R STRUT-FOOT Split

10. Changes since 1600 1.Pronunciation Standardization: one standard dialect Long mid vowels to diphthongs Loss of non-prevocallic R STRUT-FOOT Split BATH-TRAP Split bath class pass dance half fast laugh daft trap back mat ran rag bad stab maths gas

11. Changes since 1600 1.Pronunciation Standardization: one standard dialect Long mid vowels to diphthongs Loss of non-prevocallic R STRUT-FOOT Split BATH-TRAP Split

12. Changes since 1600 1.Pronunciation Standardization: one standard dialect Long mid vowels to diphthongs Loss of non-prevocallic R STRUT-FOOT Split BATH-TRAP Split Wh Other Changes (outside Standard English) H-Dropping Diphthong Shift

13. Changes since 1600 1.Pronunciation 2.GrammarGrammar 3.Vocabulary

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