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Mineral Commodities Solid Earth System
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Coal Mining Techniques
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Mine was using ‘retreat mining’ where pillars of coal, originally left to hold up the mine’s roof, are removed, in order to recover the coal in them. The pillars near the back of the mine are removed first, hence the word ‘retreat’. Ideally, the roof collapses in a sequence of small events. But if collapse is delayed, it can be very energetic and dangerous.
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Black Lung Disease
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Mountaintop removal coal mining
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Mine leachate near Ouray CO
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froth flotation tank
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pouring slag at night
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